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Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. Chapter 9 section 3. Main Idea:. Double–replacement RXNs occur between substances in aqueous solutions and produce precipitates, water, or gas. Aqueous Solutions:.

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Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

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  1. Reactions in Aqueous Solutions Chapter 9 section 3

  2. Main Idea: Double–replacement RXNs occur between substances in aqueous solutions and produce precipitates, water, or gas.

  3. Aqueous Solutions: • Contain one or more substances called solutes dissolved in the water. (water being the solvent.) • Some molecular compounds like sucrose (table sugar) and ethanol (grain alcohol) can exist as molecules in solvent. • When ionic compounds dissolve in water their ions can separate through the process of dissociation. • draw an illustration for this ionic reaction • 2NaOH(aq) + CuCl2 (aq)  2NaCl (aq) + Cu (OH)2 (s) • Bonus: name this type of reaction.

  4. Ionic equations: • These equations differ from chemical equations in that they show that substances are ions in a solution. • The previous equation becomes: • 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+(aq)+ 2Cl- (aq)  2Na+ (aq)+ 2Cl- (aq) + Cu (OH)2 (s) on page 301 in your book. • this is an example of a COMPLETE IONIC EQUATION.

  5. 2Na+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+(aq)+ 2Cl- (aq)  2Na+ (aq)+ 2Cl- (aq) + Cu (OH)2 (s) • Note that the sodium and chlorine ions do not participate and are simply present in both the reactants and products, this makes them Spectator ions. • Net ionic equations: only include the particle involved in the RNX. • 2OH-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) Cu (OH)2 (s) • Practice problems on page 302 # 35-38

  6. RXNs that produce water • remember some double replacement rxns produce water as a product. • example • HBr (aq) + NaOH (aq)  H2O (l) + NaBr(aq) • H+(aq) + Br- (aq) + Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)  H2O (l) + Na+ (aq) + Br- (aq) • H+(aq) +OH- (aq)  H2O (l) • Practice Problems on page 304 #s 40-44

  7. RXNs that form a gas • other double-replacement reactions form a gas as a product. • common gases produced are carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, and hydrogen sulfide • example: • HCL(aq) +NaHCO3(aq)  H2CO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) • H2CO3(aq)  H2O (l) + CO2(g) • this is why when vinegar (a weak acid) is combined with baking soda (H2CO3) bubble and fizz for great volcanoes, due to the massive release of CO2(g) • Practice problems on page 306 #s 45-49

  8. Overall equations • see the example in your book on page 307. • Homework: • Part1- Write about and describe the “activities” and “travels” of a hydrogen atom during the following reaction and processes: a gaseous hydrogen molecule reacts with a gaseous iodine molecule to form gaseous hydrogen iodide; gaseous hydrogen iodide dissolves in water to form hydroiodic acid; hydroiodic acid reacts with aqueous lithium sulfide to form hydrogen sulfide gas. • Part 2- Complete the 9.3 study guide worksheet • Part 3- Turn in all practice problems from this chapter. • Review all practice problems and vocabulary for your quiz.

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