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Bonding. Chemical Bond- force that holds 2 atoms together. Octet Rule - Atoms want to achieve the configuration of a noble gas 8 valence electrons = Very Stable! Atoms will either lose or gain valence electrons in order to get 8 in the outermost energy level
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Octet Rule- Atoms want to achieve the configuration of a noble gas • 8 valence electrons = Very Stable! • Atoms will either lose or gain valence electrons in order to get 8 in the outermost energy level • they will lose the valence electrons in their outer shell so that the next highest shell is full • they will gain electrons in their outer shell so that the shell is full
Ionic Bond- electrostatic forces hold compound together • Between cations & anions • Example: Draw the dot structures of Na and Cl.
Properties of Ionic Compounds • Crystalline solids at room temperature. • Most are salts
Have high melting points (NaCl=800°C) • Can conduct electric current when melted or dissolved.
Electrolyte- an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts electricity • http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/sugar-and-salt-solutions
Metallic Bonding • Do not bond ionically, they form lattices in solid state (similar to crystal lattice) • They do not share nor lose electrons • Electron Sea Model- all metal atoms contribute their valence electrons • Electrons are free to move (delocalized electrons) • Metallic Bond – attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons