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Groups and Personal Change

Groups and Personal Change. Lewin’s “Law” of Change. It is easier to change individuals formed into a group than to change any of them individually. (visceral meats). Types of Change Groups. Group Therapy Improve psychological functioning and adjustment of individual members

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Groups and Personal Change

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  1. Groups and Personal Change

  2. Lewin’s “Law” of Change • It is easier to change individuals formed into a group than to change any of them individually.(visceral meats)

  3. Types of Change Groups • Group TherapyImprove psychological functioning and adjustment of individual members • Interpersonal LearningHelp members gain self-understanding and improve interpersonal skills • Self-helpHelp members cope with or overcome specific problems or life crises.

  4. Therapy Groups • PsychoanalyticTherapist directs discussion, offers interpretations; tries to uncover repressed conflicts • GestaltExperiential exercises, emotional, self-interpretation • InterpersonalProblems traced to social relations, group as social microcosm • Cognitive-behavioralDeals w/ desirable & undesirable cognitions & behavior, modeling, rehearsal, feedback

  5. Interpersonal Learning Groups Known Not Known To Self To Self Open Blind Not Known Known To Others To Others Hidden Unknown

  6. Interpersonal Learning Groups • T-Group • Encounter Group • Structured Learning Group

  7. T-Groups • Goals: Self-knowledge, learning how to learn, improve interpersonal skills • Methods: • Unstructured, Experiential Learning • Cultural Island, Unfreezing • Here & Now Focus • Trust, Disclosure • Feedback • Support

  8. Encounter Group • Goals: More In Touch w/ Feelings, Dissolution of Blocks, Personal Change • Methods: • Encounter Feelings • Fantasy & Exercises (guided daydream, falling back, high noon, blind walk, pillow pounding) • Sometimes Intense

  9. Structured Learning Groups • Goals: Improve Specific Interpersonal Skills (assertiveness training, leadership training) • Methods: Planned Interventions Using The Following Steps • Overview of Goals of the Exercise • Experience (role-playing, group tasks) • Discussion of personal experiences, reactions, interpretations • Analysis (make sense, draw conclusions) • Application (plan changes outside group)

  10. Self-Help Groups • Voluntary Groups Whose Members Share a Common Problem • Examples: AA, weight watchers, parents w/ disabled children, cancer patients, gay rights, parents w/o partners • Provide Social Support • Usually Self-governing

  11. Types of Self-Help Groups • Behavior-Control: eliminate or control problem behavior; AA, Gamblers Anon, Weight Watchers • Stress-Coping: common predicament; Parents w/o Partners, Make Every Day Count • Survivor-Oriented: labeled & discrim.; gay, NOW • Personal-Growth: seek enhanced effectiveness; Achieving Your Potential, self-esteem groups., reading Club

  12. Sources of Change in Groups • Universality (shared problems) • Interpersonal Learning (through feedback & self-observation) • Cohesion (acceptance & understanding) • Insight (expanding known areas) • Self-disclosure • Hope (seeing others improve/ cope) • Vicarious Learning (skills & attitudes) • Catharsis

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