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Presented by NATIONAL JUTE BOARD (PEA)

ECONOMICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF USING JUTE GEOTEXTILE IN RURAL ROAD, RIVER BANK PROTECTION AND HILL SLOPE MANAGEMENT. Presented by NATIONAL JUTE BOARD (PEA). CONTENTS. ECONOMICS Low Volume Road Construction River Bank Protection Hill Slope Management 2. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

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Presented by NATIONAL JUTE BOARD (PEA)

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  1. ECONOMICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANTAGES OF USING JUTE GEOTEXTILE IN RURAL ROAD, RIVER BANK PROTECTION AND HILL SLOPE MANAGEMENT Presented by NATIONAL JUTE BOARD (PEA)

  2. CONTENTS • ECONOMICS • Low Volume Road Construction • River Bank Protection • Hill Slope Management 2. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • Life cycle assessment of jute product • Low Volume Road Construction • River Bank Protection • Hill Slope Management • Eco-compatibility & Socio-economic values of jute

  3. JGT in Road Construction • JGT or all GTs act as change agents triggering the consolidation process and gradual development of effective stress. • In all cases JGT treated Sub-grade happens to enhance CBR by 150 – 300% over control value. • Reduced base course thickness (due to increased CBR) offsets cost of JGT. • Scope of savings in initial construction [ based on Handbook of ‘Geosynthetics case studies by Indian Technical Textiles Association (ITTA)]

  4. a) Water Content (%) 20 25 30 35 b) CBR (%) i) without JGT ii) with JGT 5.0 8 4.7 6.8 3.5 5.2 2.6 4.5 JGT in Road Construction • The following results are revealing - • Source – Ramaswamy & Aziz(1989) • Source – A SreeramaRao (2003)

  5. ASSUMPTIONS • Assumptions For Computation of Initial Construction Cost – • CBR of sub-grade soil : 3 – 4 % • Considering Enhancement of CBR of sub-grade soil by 1.5 times : 5 – 6 % • Cumulative Traffic ESAL : 60,000 – 1,00,000 • Length of Pavement : 1000 m • Carriageway Width of Pavement : 3.75 m • Roadway Width : 7.5 m • Width of JGT with 10% overlapping : 5.5 m • Cross-section of pavement as per guidelines mentioned in IRC:SP:72-2007

  6. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION - ECONOMICS • Rate Analysis of Base Course - • Rates are as per WBSRDA 2012, Murshidabad District. Sub-base layer consists of well graded material (sand-lateriteGr- II and stone grit & sand Gr-III) • CONVENTIONAL METHOD (Table 1)

  7. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION - ECONOMICS WITH JUTE GEOTEXTILE (JGT) (Table 2)

  8. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION - ECONOMICS • Procedure For Cost Quantification - • STEP 1 Quantify Cost of Base Course Material • GSB – II : Rs. 1144000/ m3 (Rs. 1.3/ mm thickness/ m2 of pavement) • b) GSB – III : Rs. 607500/ m3(Rs. 2/ mm thickness/ m2 of pavement) • JGT : Rs.70/ m2 • STEP 2 . Thickness Reduction, ∆tr = 50 mm • STEP 3. Construction Cost savings - CCS/m2 • = ∆tr (a+b) – c= Rs. 95/ m2 • STEP 4. Construction Cost savings - CCS/ lane – km= 85 x 1000 x 3.75 • = Rs. 356250/ lane – km

  9. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION - ECONOMICS • Base Course Cost Savings % = • = x 100 • Application of JGT in road construction is economical as there is – Base Course Cost Savings (%) = 20 % • 20 % reduction in cost of base course. • 16 % reduction in thickness.

  10. JGT in RIVER BANK PROTECTION • Factors driving river bank erosion are • Presence of erodible bank soil, • Fluctuation in water level, and • Development of differential overpressure during drawdown. • Role of JGT in River Bank Protection • Ensures better relative density or tightness of bank soil by retaining soil particles (separation). • Permittivity and transmissivity functions of JGT allows water to pass across without developing uplift pressure. • Acts as a catalyst in developing natural graded filter (filter cake)by interaction with soil bed. • Conventional inverted filter consist of bulk of materials (thick filter )which belong to different grades and consumes lots of money and time. • Thick granular inverted filter can be replaced by JGT, thereby conserving materials, time and money.

  11. RIVER BANK PROTECTION - ECONOMICS • Assumptions for Computation of riverbank construction savings – • Total Length of protection work = 1km • Length of Slope of protection work = 15 m • Thickness of conventional graded inverted filter = 125 mm • Quantity of JGT required for total length of protection work = 15000m2 • Thickness of riprap/armor (boulders of 30/45 kg) = 300 mm • Thickness of JGT = 2 mm Slope Length = 15m

  12. RIVER BANK PROTECTION - ECONOMICS • The rates are derived from SoR, Eastern Circle, I & W Directorate, Oct 2009 inclusive of transportation to the site location with 30% hike in rates as on date are considered.

  13. RIVER BANK PROTECTION - ECONOMICS • Construction Cost Savings/m2 (%) = x 100 • = x 100 • use of JGT in river bank protection works is economical as there is – • 20% reduction in cost. Construction Cost Savings/m2 with JGT = 20 %

  14. JGT in HILL SLOPE MANAGEMENT • Surficial run-off causes due to • Strong winds, and • Impact of Rainfall • JGT controls hill slope erosion by following mechanism • Providing a protective cover to exposed soil surface • Absorbs a large part of kinetic energy of rain drops • Aperture of JGT acts as successive miniature check dams on slopes • Reduces the velocity of run-off • Provides overland storage.

  15. HILL SLOPE MANAGEMENT - ECONOMICS • Typical cost comparative analysis has been done between different GTs. for Restoration of Mine spoil – 500 m X 25 m • N.B Rates of fabric are as per prevailing market rate

  16. HILL SLOPE MANAGEMENT - ECONOMICS • Percentage Savings of Cost of Different Fabric as compared to Jute Geotextile (JGT) - • Savings from SGT(%) = x 100 • = 68.75 % • b) Savings from Coir GT (%) = x 100 • = 37.5 % • From above, it can be concluded that use of JGT in hill slope management is economical as there is – • 69% reduction in cost of fabric from SGT • 38% reduction in cost of fabric from Coir GT

  17. LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF JUTE • Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) denotes the systematic analysis of environmental impact of products during their entire life cycle (extraction and treatment of raw materials, production, distribution and transport, use, consumption and disposal) Pollution Residue

  18. LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS OF JUTE • The Life Cycle Analysis of jute products especially mentions the following (Jan E.G. van Dam and Harriëtte L. Bos, 2006): • Total of 520-1120 kg CO2 emission per ton of jute, while 2.4 ton CO2 is fixed from the atmosphere by growing jute. A positive balance of 1.3 - 1.9 ton CO2 per ton of jute fibre produced. •  Life cycle impact (LCI) analysis jute can be classified more environmentally friendly than PP

  19. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION – ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • Delivering materials to site = Consumes Fuel + Depletion of natural stones = Carbon emission as well as depletion of non-renewable resource like diesel and natural stones • Quantification of diesel consumption • Diesel consumption depend on various factors like their laden weight, driving speed, congestion in roads, tire pressure etc. • Considering a truck consumes 6km/l diesel and distance between quarry site to construction site as 50km. • Capacity of Punjab Body Truck = 14 m3 • Volume of saved quantity of 50 mm GSB for 1 km and 8.8 wide = 440 m3 • Number of trips required for carrying 440 m3 of GSB to site = 32 • Number of trips required for carrying JGT to site = 1

  20. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION – ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • Effective savings will be in terms of diesel consumption will be = 31 trips of truck . • Diesel consumption for 31 passes = 259 litres • b) Quantification of natural resources consumption – • less hauling of granular material will result in significant fuel savings and emissions reduction. • For 50mm reduced thickness with JGT application, quantity of aggregate conserved = 440 m3 which reduces both costs and use of scarce resources. • JGT will save 259 litres of diesel for 1 km road construction

  21. LOW VOLUME ROAD CONSTRUCTION – ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • c) Quantification of vehicular emissions – • Emissions quantified based on number of vehicles and distance travelled is given by (Gurjar et al., 2004) • Ei = x Ei,j,km • where, Ei = Emission of compound, Veh = No. of vehicles of each type • D = Distance travelled from quarry to site = 50km • Ei,j,km = emission of compound from vehicle per driven kilometer = 515.2 gm/km of CO2 from trucks (Mittal and Sharma, 2003) • Ei = 31 x 1 x 50 x 515.2 = 798kg of CO2is emitted in 31 trips • Carbon Emissions can be reduced by incorporating JGT at the interface of base course and sub-grade level.

  22. RIVER BANK PROTECTION – ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • a) Quantification of diesel consumption • Considering a truck consumes 6km/lt of diesel and distance to site location is 50 km. • Volume of saved quantity of 123 mm filter thickness for 1 km and 15 m wide = 1845 m3 • Number of trips required for carrying 1845 m3 of granular layer to site = 132 • JGT transportation will require = 2 trips of truck • Effective savings of 130 trips of truck = Diesel conserved = 1085 litres • JGT will save approx. 1085 lts. of diesel per 1000m of river bank protection work

  23. RIVER BANK PROTECTION – ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • b) Quantification of natural resources consumption – • For 123 mm reduced thickness with JGT application, quantity of aggregate/ natural resources conserved = 1845 m3which reduces both costs, use of scarce resources and carbon emissions associated to quarrying. • c) Quantification of vehicular emissions – • Emissions Ei = 130 x 1 x 50 x 515.2 = 3350 kg of CO2is emitted in 130 trips (that will be conserved using JGT) • Carbon Emissions can be reduced by incorporating JGT at the interface of bank soil and boulders.

  24. HILL SLOPE MANAGEMENT– ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS • Acts as mulch on its degradation • Residue of fibres left in the soil ultimately enhances its hydraulic conductivity • JGT can absorb water about 5 times its dry weight creating congenial micro-climate ensuring quick growth of dense vegetation. • Root-system of vegetation ensures soil detachment and imparts strength to soil body • JGT- natural product-fosters vegetation growth and paves way for bio-engineering solution to soil erosional problem.

  25. ECO-CONCORDANCE AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUES OF JUTE • Purification of air • About 1.2 kg of CO2 is absorbed from atmosphere per every kg of fibreproduced. • b) Bio-efficiency of jute • Usage of jute in place of wood to make paper pulp will reduce cost of production and cutting down of trees that will help in preserving ecological balance. • c) Fertility of Land • Dry matter in the form of leaves and roots remain in soil which enhances soil organic matter and improves nutrient availability in soil. Thus jute base multiple cropping increases agricultural production. • d) Improvement in Economy • Jute cultivation creates direct employment to farmers, industrial workers and indirect employment to workers associated with ancillary industries. Thus helps in economical upliftment of nation.

  26. Thanks for your attention

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