The LRV vehicle design

1. The LRV vehicle design Adoption of the LRV vehicle design will result in a Light Rail Vehicle with energy consumption, maintenance and environmental advantages when compared with currently available products. Such a design will cost considerably less to build due to use of technology transfer volume produced components and less to buy as a result of increased competition through licensing arrangements.

2. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects Design Flexibility Low Weight Low Cost Reduced Noise & Environmental Impact Low “Cost of Ownership” Easy Access for Mobility Impaired Passengers Maximum Vehicle Safety

3. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects DESIGN FLEXIBILITY to meet customer’s needs Modular, monocoque body structure giving at least the following configurations: Overall lengths: 3 car 2 car Single car 30m 28m 19.5 28.5m 25m 18m 27m 22m 16.5m Overall Widths: 2.4m, 2.65m. 2.5m and 1.7m length ‘nose cones’ give opportunities for style distinction. Up to 70% low floor, or all high floor for platform use. Multiple unit operation capability.

4. COMPARISON WITH P.T.E. LIGHT RAILGROUP TEMPLATE LRV Vehicle Specification • Single Articulation • 6 axles (4 motored) • double-ended • Street running capabilities • Multiple unit operation • 28 – 29m long • 2.65m width • Unit capacity of approx. 200 (100 seated) Single or double options available Only 5 axles required – Low gross vehicle weight Symmetrical performance, choice of end styling. Fully skirted ‘non-threatening’ design. Simple electrical and mechanical interconnections. Included in range of overall lengths Included in range of standard widths Flexible interior layout means exacts requirement can be met.

5. LRV Vehicle Specification • Max. Speed 80k.p.h. • Acceleration/Braking @ 1.1 to 1.2 m/s² • 25m minimum horizontal radius • 6 – 8% maximum gradient • 350mm floor height over proportion of vehicle with part-level access • Doors both sides of vehicle • Overhead 750V dc supply Choice of final drive ratios and ability to programme controller covers range 70 – 100 k.m/h. Up to 1.5m/s² possible. Controller may be programmed to any lower specification level. 2 x 14m version designed for 15m track radius Up to 10% possible with LRV driveline layout 300mm floor height in low floor area (70% of total in 2 x 14m unit) 4 double doors per car if required Circuits adaptable to 600 – 750V dc supply range. COMPARISON WITH P.T.E. LIGHT RAILGROUP TEMPLATE

6. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects • LOW WEIGHT – 20 tonnes for 2 x 14m articulated 2 car unit • Achieved by: • Technology transfer from the automotive, military and nuclear industries • Use of high strength materials • Avoidance of “heavy rail” approach • Benefits: • Lower track forces • Infrastructure cost savings • Lower energy consumption • Improved primary safety

7. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects • LOW COST - £ 1 m (typical price) for 2 x 14m articulated 2 car unit • Achieved by: • Technology transfer of existing or adapted components from other industries • Low cost tooling requirements for build • “Keep it Simple”, non-heavy rail approach, fully in line with Railway Inspectorate requirements. • “Design licence” commercial approach • Benefits: • Lower investment in vehicles makes LRT’s more attractive to private sector funding. • Systems can be bigger / offer more intensive service with more vehicles for same cost.

8. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects • LOW NOISE – Reduced environmental impact • External: • Unique “free wheel” design reduces squeal between tread and rail, even on right curves. • Advanced resilient wheel design. • Enclosed motor and sophisticated axle gear train. • Fully skirted body with covered bogies • Internal: • Motor and electrical panels at extremes of car away from passenger saloons. • Body cavities thermally and acoustically insulated. • Double glazed window units if required.

9. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects • SERVICEABILITY AND LOW COST OF OWNERSHIP • Individually replaceable wheels on ‘inside bearing’ axles. • Maintenance-free body mounted motors • Driveline, air and vehicle electrical components common with road haulage / P.S.V. industries. • Traction and power control electronics use proven, mass-produced industrial motors, inverters, joysticks etc.. • Long life corrosion free “Cromweld” body structure • Built in test equipment (B.I.T.E.) for electrical fault analysis

10. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects • ACCESSIBILITY – Standards in advance of DPTAC guidelines • Single step 300mm high in low floor sections • Low floor sections with wheelchair provision • Full 1.3m clear opening double doors • Constant height air suspension when boarding platforms are available • Low weight, energy-efficient vehicle allows closer stop spacing whilst maintaining journey times • Special “S-ramp” acceleration characteristics on starting for comfort of frail / standee passengers.

11. LRV Vehicle Design Key Aspects Safety – Conforms fully with existing and forthcoming HSE (RI) LRT legislation • Primary safety • Four separate braking systems • Good vision from driver’s cab • Secondary Safety • B.S. 6853 fire safety standards • Energy absorbing “crumple zone” nose • Lower all-up weight achieved with light weight bogies • Body-end mounted motors • “Soft” interior with large radius corners on all projections • Fully electrically insulated body • Interior meets DPTAC guidelines for the disabled.

12. LRV Demonstrator Vehicle Specification DIMENSIONS Length 28m Width 2.4m Boarding Height 0.3m Low floor through 70% of passenger saloon POWER SUPPLY Source Overhead Wire Height 5-6.5m above rail Voltage 600-750V dc Return Path via wheel tread (fully insulated vehicle) Motors 2 x 90kW, body mounted PERFORMANCE Max. speed 90 kph Acceleration / service braking 1.5m/sec² Emergency brake 3.0/sec² Max. gradient 10% Min. horizontal radius 15m Min. Vertical radius 200m CAPACITY (Passengers) Seated 70-100 Standees 100-130 Total 200-230