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Schizophrenia and Modern Culture. Connecticut Hospital for the Insane, Middletown, CT, 1922 (founded 1868). SOUTH CAROLINA LUNATIC ASYLUM, pen and ink drawing, c. 1822. Genealogy of “Schizophrenia”. * Augustin Morel (1860): Dementia Praecox Ewald Hecker (1871): Hebephrenia
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Connecticut Hospital for the Insane, Middletown, CT, 1922 (founded 1868)
SOUTH CAROLINA LUNATIC ASYLUM, pen and ink drawing, c. 1822
Genealogy of “Schizophrenia” *Augustin Morel (1860): Dementia Praecox • Ewald Hecker (1871): Hebephrenia • Karl Kahlbaum (1874) Paranoia, Catatonia * Emil Kraepelin (1896): Dementia Praecox (included Hebephrenia, Catatonia, Paranoia) * Eugen Bleuler (1911): Schizophrenia
Manic Depressive Insanity Combination of mania & melancholy Good prognosis Dementia Praecox Form of early-onset dementia Deteriorating course Included hebephrenia, catatonia, paranoia Kraepelin’s Nosology
Eugen Bleuler (1857-1939) Dementia Praecox: or the Group of the Schizophrenias (1911) Director of Burghölzli Hospital, at University of Zurich
Bleuler’s Primary Symptoms of Schizophrenia 1) Association: loosening of mental associations similar to the process of dreaming. 2) Affect: dysfunction between cognitive and affective apparatus. 3) Ambivalence: Simultaneous presence of contrary feelings. 4) Autism: distanced from reality; seek their own way, engaged in symbolic thinking.
Hans Prinzhorn (1886-1933) Artistry of the Mentally Ill (1922)
Josef Heinrich Grebing (dementia praecox) “Untitled”
Peter Meyer (Moog) (Schizophrenic) “Destruction of Jerusalem”
Marie Lieb Periodic Mania “Cell floor decorated with torn strips of cloth”
Paul Goesch (Schizophrenic) “Horus Dismembered”
Paul Klee Runner at the Goal
I Never Promised you a Rose Garden, 1964 Frieda Fromm-Reichmann1889 - 1957 “Schizophrenogenic mother”
Wagner-Jauregg overseeing Malarial Therapy c. 1918 (at back)
Bringing a patient out of insulin coma, Belgian asylum c. 1940
Fever and Shock Therapies • Julius Wagner-Jauregg: 1918 Malarial Fever Therapy • Manfred Sakel: 1933 Insulin Coma Therapy • Ladislav Meduna: 1935 Metrazol Shock Therapy • Ugo Cerletti: 1938 Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy