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“ The Roots of the French Revolution ”. The Old Regime. 1 st Estate Clergy (less than 1 %) owned 20% of the land paid no taxes (2% income gift) 2 nd Estate Nobility (2-4% of population)
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The Old Regime 1st Estate Clergy (less than 1%) owned 20% of the land paid no taxes (2% income gift) 2ndEstate Nobility (2-4% of population) owned 25% of the land & paid no taxes 3rdEstate Middle Class, Urban Workers, Artisans, Peasants, Merchants (about 95% of the population) paid all the taxes!!
Problems & Discontent Begin Cause: French population Rises Effect: Food Demand Rises & Prices Rise Cause: Economic Problems Rise Effect: Pay Decreases, Rent Rises, Can’t Pay for Food, Cause: Bourgeoisie prosper in 1700’s Effect: Want Political Power Cause: 3rd Estate Share Ideas of Reform Effect: Enlightenment ideas of liberty & equality (natural rights) Result: era of panic & riots across the countryside (The Great Fear)
Meeting of the Estates General 1789 New Idea: Represent “the people” NOT the three social classes! Tennis Court Oath: goal for the adoption of a written constitution for France Outcome: 3rd Estate declares itself the National Assembly Past Practice: Three estates meet separately & each cast one vote Outcome: 1st & 2nd Estate outvote 3rd Estate Marks the Start of the French Revolution!