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Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes

Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes . Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes. Most words used in the English language today were not originally English. These words were borrowed (taken) from other languages. The majority of English words have Latin or Greek origins. . Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes.

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Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes

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  1. Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes

  2. Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes • Most words used in the English language today were not originally English. • These words were borrowed (taken) from other languages. • The majority of English words have Latin or Greek origins.

  3. Prefixes, Roots, & Suffixes Prefix: word element that is placed in front of a root; it changes the word's meaning or makes a new word. Root: the part of a word that contains the basic meaning (definition) of the word; is the base element of a word Suffix: word element that is placed behind a root; it can add information or change the meaning or part of speech

  4. Why is this important? • Helps build vocabulary • Enhances the ability to comprehend course readings and learn new terminology • Improves educated guesses about unknown words while reading or test taking

  5. What to do on your paper… • If the word is a prefix, put a dash AFTER the word part • Pre- • If the word is a root, put a dash BEFORE and AFTER the word part • -Cede- • If the word is a suffix, put a dash BEFORE the word part • -Ness

  6. Re- • Again, back, backward Examples • Rebound- to spring back again, recover • Rebuild- to build again • Rewind- to wind something backward

  7. Retro- • Backward, back Examples • Retroactive – relating to something in the past • Retrospect – the remembering of past events

  8. Anti- • Against, opposite of Examples • Antibody- a substance that destroys bacteria • Antiseptic- a substance that prevents infection • Antislavery- against slavery

  9. De- • Reduce down, remove Examples • Debase- to reduce something in value or quality • Decelerate- to slow down; to reduce speed • Dethrone- to remove from power

  10. Dis- • Do the opposite, exclude, absence of, not Examples • Disagree- to have a different opinion • Disappear- to stop being seen • Disassemble- to undo something that’s assembled

  11. Un- • Not, opposite of, lacking Examples • Unabridged- not shortened; full length • Unfair- opposite of fair, just, and impartial • Unfriendly- lacking friendliness; hostile

  12. Non- • No, not, without Examples Nonfiction – true, real, not made up Nonsense – without sense This is a non-smoking area.

  13. -Fug- • Flee, run away, escape Example • Fugitive- a person who is running away • Refuge-a sheltered place to flee to • Refugee- a person seeking protection

  14. -Numer- • Number Examples • Numerous – a large number • Numerology – the study of magical uses of numbers

  15. Numbers 1 Mono- or uni- 2 bi- or di- 3 Tri- 4 Quad- or tetra- 5 pent- or quint-

  16. Examples Monoplane Plane with one wing on each side One wheel Unicycle

  17. Examples Bicycle Two wheels

  18. Examples • From Physics – something that has two poles Two vowel sounds joined together to make one sound. Ex: Book, Boat, Toy Dipole Diphthong

  19. Examples Three angles A cycle with three wheels. Triangle Tricycle

  20. Examples Quadruplets Quadrilateral

  21. Examples • All the shapes in Tetris are made of four blocks. Tetris

  22. Examples Pentagon Quintuplets • www.telegraph.co.uk drkaayladaniel.com

  23. Numbers 6 7 8 9 10 Hex-/Sex- Hept-/Sept- Octa-/Octo- Novem-/ennea-/nona- Deca-

  24. Examples Septuagenarian Someone who is at least 70 years old. • Hexagon

  25. Examples • Octopus • Nonagon • Enneagram • Nine different personality types www.familygamesamerica.com http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enneagram_of_Personality

  26. Examples • Decade • A period of ten years • Decathlon • Ten different events

  27. Numbers Cent-/Hecto- Milli- Kilo- Mega- Giga- Hundred Thousand(th) Thousand Million Billion

  28. Examples • Century • Millimeter • Kilometer • Megaton • Gigabyte • 100 years • One thousandth of a meter • 1000 meters • One million tons • One billion bytes

  29. Numbers • Multi – Many, more than one or two Multitask Doing more than one task at a time • Poly- Many, more than one Polygon A shape with many sides

  30. -Gon- • Angle • Octagon – shape with eight angles • Diagonal – a slanting line (on an angle)

  31. -Meter-/-Metr- • Measure • Diameter – a measure of half a circle • Gravimeter – an instrument that measures gravity • Metric system – a system of measurement

  32. Equi- • Equal, equally • Equivalent – equal in value, meaning, effect, etc. • Equidistant – an equal distance from two points.

  33. Circum- • Around, about • Circumnavigate – to sail around • Circumspect – looking around, cautious

  34. -Ann-/-Enn- • Year • Anniversary – a date observed once a year • Annual – happening once a year • Millennium – 1,000 years

  35. -Cycl- • Circle, ring • Bicycle – a vehicle with two wheels • Cycle – a sequence that is repeated • Cyclone – a storm with circling winds

  36. Mal- & Bene- • Mal- • Bad, badly, or inadequate • Examples: malicious, malign, malfunction • Bene- • Good or well • Examples: Benefactor, beneficial, benefit.

  37. -Ami- and -Belli- • -Ami- • Love • Example: amiable, amity, amorous • -Belli- • War • Examples: antebellum, bellicose, belligerent

  38. Contra-/Contro-/Counter- • Against, contrary, opposite, opposing • Contradict – to argue against • Controversy – disagreement • Counteroffensive – attack against an attack

  39. Pan- • All, of everything • Cooperation or unity of all members • Pan-American – belongs to all Americans • Pangaea- all continents were squashed together

  40. Omni- • All • Omnipotent – with all the power/all-knowing • Omnivore – one who eats all foods

  41. Auto - • Self • Autobiography – written by the subject of the book • Autograph – written by the person him/herself

  42. -ar/-ard/-arian/-ant • A person who does an action • Beggar, burglar • Wizard • Veterinarian, librarian • Servant, applicant

  43. -Er/-Or • A person who does an action • Teacher, announcer • Inventor, translator

  44. -Ist • A person who does an action • Artist • Pianist

  45. Inter -, between, among • Intra -, within • Interact • Intramural – sport played within the school

  46. Intro- • Into, inward • Introduce – to lead into the main part of something • Introvert – a shy person who keeps to himself

  47. -Cede-/-Ceed- • To relinquish, abandon, transfer, surrender, give up • Recede, concede • Exceed – go beyond limits

  48. -Ceive-/-Cept- • Take • Accept - to take a thing that is offered • Perceive – to take notice of something

  49. Sub- • under, low Examples • Submarine- under water • Subway- a path or way to move under ground • Subliminal- below the level of consciousness

  50. Super- • over, above, beyond Examples • Superb-splendid; excellent; beyond the expected • Superintendent-a person with the highest power • Superior- above average in quality; excellent

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