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Discover the different modes and designs of Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) to design effective lesson sequences. Explore tutorials for presenting new information and skills, drill & practice for well-defined skills with immediate feedback, simulations for studying cause-and-effect relationships, and instructional games for competition and reinforcement. Understand the advantages and limitations of each mode to create engaging and effective learning experiences.
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Modes of CAI Dr. Ennis-Cole CECS 5020
Designing Lesson Sequences 1. Fixed Lesson Sequences 2. Avoid Unnecessary Information 3. Review Past Information
Creating Instructional Sequences Tutorials Drill & Practice Instructional Games Simulations Hybrid Designs
Modes and Designs of CAI • Tutorials • Present New information, skills, or concepts • Self-Contained • Verification and Reinforcement • Well-Defined Objectives • Appropriate Feedback • Direct Students, Guide Responses • Expectations Stated Early
Advantages of Tutorials Factual Information, Simple Discriminations, Rules, Applications of Rules, Learners Pace Themselves
Limitations of Tutorials • 1. Design Time • 2. Difficulty Teaching High-Ordered Skills • 3. Duplication of Instruction • 4. Complexity and Practicality
Drill & Practice Advantages • Practice well-defined Skills • Offer Immediate Feedback • Avoid Unchecked Error Responses • Clear Directions • Assume Basic Information was Taught Elsewhere • Minimize Unrelated Narrative and Procedural complexity
Limitations of Drill & Practice • 1. Electronic Flash Cards, Responses only • 2. Process Remains Uncovered • 3. Limited Potential • 4. Additional Student Guidance
Advantages of Simulations • 1. Alternative Teaching Systems • 2. Cause-and-Effect Relationships can be Studied, Thinking, Evaluation • 3. Eliminate Danger, difficulty • 4. Scenarios, High-fidelity images, Believable Circumstances • 5. Emphasis on Processes, Procedures
Disadvantages of Simulations • Problem Sophistication • Cost Issues • Lesson Design
Instructional Games • Advantages: • Competition, Develop, Reinforce, and refine aspects of learning • Well understood, Provides explicit guidelines and participatory rules • Attractive and motivational
Instructional Games • Disadvantages: • Entertainment Value • Incongruent Reward Structure for Incorrect Answers • Minimal Incidental Learning • Excessive Use of Computing Power
The End • “That’s all folks...”