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3GPP – OMA WorkshopFrankfurt, 15 September 2003The current 3GPP work programmeJohn M Meredith3GPP Specifications Manager(john.meredith@etsi.org)Alain Sultan3GPP Technical Coordinator(alain.sultan@etsi.org) ETSI Mobile Competence Centre

Content of the presentation • Management of the 3GPP work programme • Foreseen content of 3GPP Release 6 • Identified interactions between 3GPP work and OMA work • Conclusion

Management of the 3GPP work programme • Foreseen content of 3GPP Release 6 • Identified interactions between 3GPP work and OMA work • Conclusion >

The current 3GPP work programme A new version of the 3G system defined by 3GPP is produced periodically (roughly every 18 months so far). Each version is called a “Release”. Each new Release builds on the functionality and capability of the previous Release. The intention is to maintain backwards compatibility at all times. Each Release is composed of a set of new “features”, which are defined as new or substantially enhanced functionality which represents added value to the existing system. In this way, new features can be introduced incrementally with no disruption to existing services. Newer Release terminals will fall back to the capabilities of an older Release network (and vice versa). The interdependence of individual features is minimized to allow network operators and terminal manufacturers to provide services tailored to identified commercial needs.

The current 3GPP work programme The current 3GPP work programme, and the set of Features being actively defined, is monitored by the Work Plan. The Work Plan is an MS Project file showing those features which are currently being developed as enhancements to the existing system. Exports of the Work Plan are available in Excel, PDF and HTML views. Further information on the Work Plan can be found at: http://www.3gpp.org/Management/WorkPlan.htm

The current 3GPP work programme The quickest way to see the Work Plan is to use the HTML view inhttp://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/GanttChart-Level-1.htm. The features are the top level tasks. They are hyperlinked both to informal descriptions of the work and to their formal Work Item Description (WID) documents. Each feature is composed of sub-tasks, which can be seen by clicking on the appropriate button.

The current 3GPP work programme The view can be expanded to see sub-tasks as well.

The current 3GPP work programme This is the expanded view, showing the sub- tasks composing the features.

Management of the 3GPP work programme • Foreseen content of 3GPP Release 6 • Identified interactions between 3GPP work and OMA work • Conclusion >

The current 3GPP work programme The slides which follow give an overview of each Feature planned to be introduced in Release 6. Interdependencies between a few of these Features and work being conducted within OMA has already been identified, and this is illustrated by the final group of slides.

Feature: Improvements of radio interface • The objective for this feature is to ensure that mechanisms are provided to allow enhancement of the radio interface in a backward compatible manner. • It is best understood by examining the more important component building blocks: • Improvement of inter-frequency and inter-system measurement • UMTS-850 • DS-CDMA introduction in the 800 MHz band • UMTS 1.7/2.1 GHz • (others to follow)

Feature: Improvements of radio interfaceBuilding block: Improvement of inter-frequency and inter-system measurements • Compressed mode in Release 99 covers a limited set of methods for enabling measurements on other frequencies. There have been methods suggested that potentially improve the system capacity and operational flexibility in addition to the existing methods. • The following two technologies have been identified as candidates for compressed mode improvements: • Compressed mode with puncturing and flexible positions; and • Combination of the existing methods (including method in first bullet point). • The purpose of this work item is to work on the compressed mode improvements for improved system performance.

Feature: Improvements of radio interfaceBuilding block: UMTS-850 • WRC 2000 extended the current IMT-2000 frequency allocation to include bands (currently occupied by other services) within the band range 806-960 MHz. • This WI studies the possibility to migrate GPRS/EDGE, TIA/EIA-136, TIA/EIA/IS-95, and Analog AMPS to UTRA FDD in this new band, more precisely (to conform with ITU-R M.1036-1): 824 – 849 MHz: Uplink 869 – 894 MHz: Downlink. • Potential deployment is foreseen to take place only in ITU Region 2

Feature: Improvements of radio interface Building block: DS-CDMA introduction in the 800 MHz band Referring to this same new band allocated by WRC-2000 (806 to 960 MHz), this WI studies the possibility of introducing DS-CDMA in the 800 MHz band in Japan, including impact on co-existing with ARIB STD-27(PDC), ARIB STD-T53(IS-95), and ARIB STD-T64 (cdma 2000), taking the frequency reframing plan in Japan into account. The specific bands to be studied are (consistent with ITU-R M.[1036-1]): 810 – 855 MHz: Uplink 855 – 900 MHz: Downlink

Feature: Improvements of radio interface Building block: UMTS 1,7/2,1 GHz Additional spectrum was identified for IMT-2000 at WRC-2000, including the band 1710-1885 MHz. This WI aims at using this new band to allow band pairing between 1710 MHz UL and 2110 MHz DL for potential deployment only in ITU Region 2. More precisely, it studies the radio requirements of introducing UTRA FDD as follows: 1710 – 1770 MHz: Uplink 2110 – 2170 MHz: Downlink It will also study the limitation to 1710 – 1755 MHz for Up-link and to 2110 – 2155 MHz for Down-link to restrict to the current FCC band allocation.

Feature: Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antennas The purpose of this work item is to improve system capacity and spectral efficiency by increasing the data throughput in the downlink within the existing 5 MHz carrier. This can be achieved by means of deploying multiple antennas at both UE and Node-B side. The technical objective of this work item is the integration of MIMO functionality in UTRA, both FDD and TDD. There is no intention to make MIMO mandatory in the UE.

Feature: Single Antenna receiver Interference Cancellation (SAIC) • The use of Single Antenna Interference Cancellation (SAIC) techniques has been proposed as a method for increasing the spectral efficiency of GSM/EDGE networks. These techniques are especially attractive for the downlink since they do not require multiple antennas. • This work item is a feasibility study to determine the potential of SAIC in typical network layouts. This includes study of the following aspects: • Feasibility of SAIC for GMSK and 8PSK scenarios under realistic synchronized and non-synchronized network conditions. • Realistic DIR (Dominant-to-rest of Interference Ratio) levels and distributions based on network simulations and measurements. • Robustness against different training sequences. • Determine method to detect/indicate SAIC capability.

Feature: RAN improvements • This work item intends to introduce new mechanisms allowing improvements on all aspects dealing with the radio network subsystem internal interfaces, as well as the interface towards the core network. This includes transport of user and signalling plane as well as protocols over all interfaces of the radio network subsystem. • Work under this feature includes at present: • Improvement of beamforming, • Network-assisted cell-change (UTRAN-GERAN), • Remote Control of electrical antenna tilting, • RAB support enhancement (Iu enhancements for IMS support in the RAN), • Improvement of RRM across RNS and RNS/BSS • as well as feasibility studies.

Feature: PS domain and IMS impacts for supporting IMS emergency calls This WI aims at enabling the establishment of an emergency session via the packet-switched domain and the IP multimedia core network subsystem. The emergency sessions will be routed to an emergency centre in accordance with national regulations. Due to the variability of emergency numbers in different networks, which is particularly problematical when roaming, the PS emergency session will be established without the need to dial a dedicated number: for example, selection of emergency session from the menu, linkage to a vehicle air-bag trigger, … The feature addresses the normal case where the mobile equipment contains a valid USIM, and also the case where no USIM is fitted. The main focus is on SIP emergency sessions and related packet bearers.

Feature: Location Services enhancements 2 • The objective is to align the 3GPP location services specifications and similar services developed in other fora, and to enhance the network support for user privacy in those services. • Specifically: • Standardization of the Le interface, alignment of LCS specifications • Enhanced support for anonymity and user privacy via support for anonymous target mobile users and enhanced codeword functionality • Enable LCS clients to use IMS public user identities (e.g. when a service such as Presence requests ME location information). • Develop the functionality to generate LCS triggering reports when an ME is within, or enters, or leaves, a defined area.

Feature: Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (U-TDOA) location determination for GSM / GPRS The objective of this Work Item is to include Uplink TDOA as a User Equipment location determination method for GSM/GPRS. Priority for this work item is on achieving the US FCC’s E911 October 2003 location accuracy requirements for network-based location methods. These requirements are 100m (67%) and 300m (95%) levels of accuracy.

Feature: IMS phase 2 • This is a continuation of the IMS feature included in Release 5. • This feature is a collection of independent IMS enhancements listed below: • Enhancements to the Cx and Sh interfaces • IMS Group Management • IMS Conferencing • IMS Messaging • IMS Local services • Interworking between IMS and IP networks • Mm interface (CSCF to external IP multimedia network) • Interworking between IMS and CS networks • Mn interface (IM-MGW to MGCF) enhancements • Mp (MRFC - MRFP) interface protocol definitions • Study of subscriber and operators relationship in IMS and related ISIM requirements for Rel 6 • Lawful Interception in the 3GPP Rel-6 architecture • IMS Subscription and access scenarios

Feature: Radio optimization impacts on PS domain architecture For IM conversational services, some radio optimization such as Unequal Error Protection can be provided for PS multimedia services, and the introduction of such enhancement may bring architectural questions that have to be studied. The objective of the Work Item is to consider the architectural impacts (on the core network) of radio optimization provided for services such as IMS that require the transport of real time traffic over the PS domain (both GERAN and UTRAN).

Feature: Interoperability and commonality between IMSs using different "IP-connectivity networks" • In Release 5, IMS is optimized for the 3GPP UMTS and GSM access networks. However, economies of scale (in terms of hardware, software and application development) should be improved by increasing the commonality of the IMS to different “IP-connectivity networks”, including specifically the 3GPP2 and W-LAN systems. • Similarly, it is necessary for users of one system to be able to “phone” (i.e. make a multimedia call with a speech component) users on another system. At least between 3GPP and 3GPP2 systems, this is currently problematic because the different systems use different transcoders in their mobiles. • The objective is: • To improve the commonality between the IMS systems used by 3GPP, 3GPP2 and that needed for W-LAN. • To ensure that users of the different IMSs can inter-operate.

Feature: Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) enhancements • Further work is identified for MMS to take into account the following independent areas: • To consider and accommodate the needs for • IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) • alternative User Agent capabilities for MMS • detail description of User Profile mechanisms • security and privacy enhancements • Digital Rights Management (DRM) • Presence service by MMS • defining over-the-air provisioning of MMS • interaction with legacy handsets

Feature: Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) enhancements (continued) • And enhancements of functionalities on: • reference point MM1 (MMS Relay/Server and MMS UA/UE ) and MM4 (MMS Relay/Server to MMS Relay/Server) • interworking and transcoding issues • terminal capability negotiation mechanism to ensure terminal interoperability • USIM and USAT aspects of MMS • charging methods • interworking with external messaging systems and with VAS applications • streaming • addressing • network based storage model in MMSE • media types/formats and multimedia presentation

Feature: Rel-6 Mobile Execution Environment (MExE) enhancements • This feature consists of two separate elements: • MExE Rel-6 improvements and investigations • MExE run-time independent framework feasibility study • (continued on next slide)

Feature: Rel-6 MExE enhancements • Building Block: MExE Rel-6 improvements and investigations • MExE is based on the concept of identifying external standards suitable for supporting services from a UE, and bringing them into the 3GPP scope by direct reference. In particular MExE enables the access to content and services from operators', manufacturers' and third parties' servers, and from the Internet. • MExE Release 6 work extends and develops the UE-based support of the client/server model for the flexible support of 3G services (e.g. multimedia services), more specifically, MExE Release 6 targets the following areas: • the terminal parts of the VHE User Profile or Generic User Profile • Investigate and identify support of USAT/OSA/CAMEL interaction to provided advanced services • Investigate and identify support of: security enhancements, terminal management support, service provisioning. • In fact, interest in MExE has waned, and only minor enhancements have actually been performed.

Feature: Rel-6 MExE enhancements Building Block: MExE run-time independent framework feasibility study This Work Item intends to broaden the applicability of the MExE security framework and services, enabling all MExE run-time environments to operate with a consistent MExE service environment. In particular, the new features and capabilities of this Work Item should allow for independence from, and re-use by, an extremely large set of external standards corresponding to different run-time environments. It also allows for independent use of the framework for secure software downloads without the need of a MExE run-time environment. The main benefit of these analyses is that the extracted (and potentially contracted) characteristics and requirements are applicable to run-time environments identified in the future, as well as currently available run-time environments. Other benefits include increased clarity and reduced complexity. In fact, interest in MExE has waned, and only minor enhancements have actually been performed.

Feature: Subscription management • Subscription management standardization will significantly enhance the ability of 3GPP networks to offer complex services in the areas of: • Multimedia • Data services • Value Added Services • End-to-end applications • This work item will refine the operational requirements, and define an architecture, data models, and integration reference points.

Feature: Support of Presence capability "Presence" is the concept whereby users make themselves "visible" or "invisible" to other parties of their choice, allowing services to be offered. The concept of presence will enable other multimedia services to exploit this key enabler to support other advanced multimedia services. Examples of multimedia services that could potentially exploit the presence capability include "chat", e-mail, multimedia messaging, instant messaging, etc. The objectives of this work item are to define and develop the support of the concept of presence information to facilitate multimedia services in a wireless network.

Feature: Flexible Layer One for GERAN This feature will provide radio bearers (a flexible Layer One in GERAN Iu and A/Gb mode) that increase the spectral efficiency of real-time multimedia, streaming and other services that benefit from tailored SDU formats and low protocol overhead in GERAN.

Feature: Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (MBMS) Multicast/Broadcast are services that already exist in some form. For example, cell broadcast for text messages within GSM and IP multicast services in the internet. Both Multicast and Broadcast solutions should offer potentially large savings in network resource usage. The objective is to provide a multicast/broadcast service architecture that meets the (existing) stage 1 requirements, and to consider architecture alternatives that may meet these requirements.

Feature: Speech recognition and speech-enabled services Forecasts show that speech-driven services may play an important role on the 3G market. People want the ability to access information while on the move and the small portable mobile devices that will be used to access this information needs improved user interfaces using speech input.. A range of multi-modal applications is envisaged, incorporating different modes of input (e.g. speech, keyboard, pen) and speech and visual output. The objective of this work item is to produce an analysis to understand how different architectures could work and co-exist, and to determine if there is a preferred solution (thus allowing minimization of the number of options needing to be supported by the 3GPP specifications). The study will address both services and technologies including the possible locations of the speech recognition function (terminal, network, distributed, ...) and an evaluation of existing codecs and those under development.

Feature: Generic User Profile (GUP) • GUP is the collection of data which is stored and managed by different entities such as the UE, Home Environment, Visited Network and Value Added Service Providers, which affects the way in which an individual user experiences services. GUP is composed of a number of User Profile Components, and an individual service may make use of a subset of the available User Profile Components. • Having several domains (i.e. CS, PS, IMS and service / application domains) introduces a wide distribution of data associated with the user. Several 3GPP WG already specify some parts of the GUP in their own descriptive methods. This distributed responsibility could lead to duplication and incompatibility amongst the GUP User Profile Components, so active coordination of the description methods is required. • The WI addresses the following aspects: • Definitions and scope of the GUP User Profile Components, and their storage, ownership, access methods, and distribution and some obvious common objects • The principles of a User Profile Policy (e.g. privacy aspects) • Protocols for transfer of User Profile data between cooperating elements of the 3GPP system.

Feature: Digital Rights Management (DRM) Services and capabilities specified by 3GPP allow “content” (data, text, audio, video, etc.) to be delivered by streaming or downloading, and played or stored for future use on the mobile. Delivery methods may include forwarding onward from the device. It is essential to create a solution that will respect the intellectual property rights of the content owners. The objective is to specify a framework that will support an interoperable, uniform, high-volume market for the distribution of protected content. Expression and enforcement of rights and rules - digital rights management - is an essential component of this distribution capability. In order for protected distribution of content to be acceptable to consumers, it must be transparent and non-intrusive, however security of downloadable and or streaming content must be preserved, i.e. it must not be possible to “play” unauthorized copies. The work is limited to stage 1 specifications; the stages 2 and 3 work is expected to be performed by The Open Mobile Alliance.

Feature: Wireless-LAN to UMTS interworking There is an increasing demand for wireless "local area" access in very different scenarios. Wireless access to Internet is provided to public users by the use of currently existing WLAN technology such as IEEE 802.11b. In companies, wireless access is provided to portable computer users by use of the same technology. For residential use, wireless access is also increasing. 3G technologies and systems will provide bearers for similar packet-switched services, with greater mobility and wider area coverage albeit with reduced data rate. WLAN technology can complement 3GPP-based networks in deployment environments with high user density and demand for higher data rates. However, in order to provide flexible use of both technologies in these environments and to provide mobility of services between the two technologies, it is sensible that some degree of interworking exist between them. A feasibility study will be performed, covering the scenarios and possible architectures for interworking. Work will continue to produce specifications for the service and operational requirements.

Feature: Priority Service There is a need to provide to authorized users (e.g. military, civil authorities) a preferential access to the network during crisis situations when the service might be restricted due to damage, congestion, or other faults. The objective of this WI is to provide a secure and manageable mechanism to identify priority users and mark and guarantee their communications from access and call set up through to call completion. In the case of communications terminating on a mobile device, priority service includes priority egress. A feasibility study will outline the technical requirements and scope of work required, and will perform a gap analysis to determine the extent existing 3GPP specifications can support these Priority Services requirements. If it is determined that providing for this service is feasible, then work will be extended to cover detailed specification.

Feature: Network sharing The possibility of sharing part or all of the network by two or more separated commercial entities was not considered in the initial specification work of 3GPP. However, as e.g. a result of partnerships, the need for two or more operators to share common network infrastructure has become an economically desirable goal. Meanwhile, changes to public network operating licence conditions make such sharing possible from a regulatory point of view. Some work has already been carried out in this area with the definition of the equivalent PLMN concept and partly with the introduction of Iu-Flex, but there is still the need to consolidate these activities under a coherent work plan. This Work Item will first analyse the shortcomings of the standards in the area of network sharing, e.g. radio network sharing, and then develop enhanced requirements for the control of handover and cell reselection, services, charging, security in a shared network environment.

Feature: Quality of Service (QoS) improvements • The Release 5 IMS uses a policy control function (PCF) which is shown as being a logical entity of the P-CSCF. This does not enable a generic service policy to be applied to both IMS and non-IMS services. This WI aims at defining a standardized interface (the Go interface) between the PCF and application proxies (e.g. P-CSCF in the IMS). Initially, a study will be performed to assess how policy control used for IMS can interact with the appropriate IMS and non-IMS application servers. • Specifically, the study addresses the feasibility of the interface between the PCF and application proxies (e.g. P-CSCF in the IMS): • Enable general policy control over IP bearer resources and SIP services to evolve separately; • Enable more flexibility in engineering and policy control of IP bearer resources; • De-couple policy functions from IMS entities.

Feature: Support for subscriber certificates • Digital signatures are the best way to secure mobile commerce, service authorization and accounting. The simplest way to introduce them in mobile networks is to make use of the existing authorization and charging infrastructure: they can indeed be used to provide local architecture for digital signatures. • Subscriber certificates provide a migration path towards global Public Key Infrastructure (PKI): operators do not have to wait for a world-wide PKI to benefit from public key technology as local architecture for digital signatures can be deployed incrementally. On the other hand, the existence of subscribers and service providers that use digital signatures makes it easier to build global PKI. The concept relies on authenticated signalling between mobile terminal and serving network and thus has to be standardized. The terminal and the serving network can interact only over standardized interface. • The objective is to make it possible to issue subscriber certificates in 3GPP systems in order to authorize and account for service usage both in home and in visited networks. This requires specification of: • Signalling procedures to issue temporary or long-term certificates to subscribers. • Standard format of certificates and digital signatures, e.g re-using wireless PKI.

Feature: Rel-6 Open Service Access (OSA) enhancements • OSA enables application developers compose services based on service enablers in the network. These enablers are accessed through open interfaces (the OSA APIs). The OSA API is independent of underlying network technology, and of vendor specific solutions and programming languages. • The Release 6 main enhancements of OSA are independent, as listed below: • MMS relay / server to value-added service provider connectivity, to enable secure and trusted interaction of a MMS-VASP with the MMS relay / server. • Policy Management extensions • Presence and Availability Management for 3GPP IMS • OSA interfaces at different levels of abstraction (Web Services) • User Profile • Framework Function for federation • Network functions for user / application authentication. • Release flows in an IP session, control the IP session, monitor the IP session, and request of flow information.

Feature: Addition of frequency bands for GSM The TETRA Advanced Packet Service (TAPS) standard is based on GPRS, the standards for which are maintained by 3GPP. It has been agreed by the ETSI groups responsible for TETRA that the TAPS standard will reference the relevant 3GPP specifications, which must therefore be enhanced to cater for the TAPS functionality and frequency band. This feature will permit the support of additional frequency ranges for TAPS / GPRS. In regions where TAPS is not employed, these frequencies may be used for GPRS.

Feature: Seamless support of streaming services in A/Gb mode While full support of the streaming class is offered by the UTRAN, it cannot be guaranteed in GPRS, especially due to the large interruptions to the service at cell change. In order to have a seamless support across the PLMN, similar quality needs to be offered by the GERAN A/Gb mode and when changing RAN. The objective of this WI is to analyse and provide the necessary changes and additions required for the efficient support of streaming services in the GERAN specifications. This Work Item will focus initially on the setting and / or analysis of the requirements for the support of streaming services and the evaluation of the performance of the existing solutions and tools in the specifications. The comparison between the requirements and the performance will determine whether/which improvements are pursued.

Feature: Performance characterization of default codecs for packet-switched conversational multimedia applications The objective of this feature is to characterize the performance of default codecs for PS conversational multimedia applications.

Feature: Operations, Administration, Maintenance & Provisioning (OMA&P) • The objective of this Feature is to extend the OAM&P Framework in order to meet the requirements of the new features. As for previous Releases, this framework encompasses: • Principles, high level Requirements and Architecture • Network Infrastructure Management • Performance Management • Trace Management • User Equipment Management

Feature: Charging management • The 3GPP specifications need to evolve in Rel-6 to allow additions and enhancements in the field of charging. • New charging aspects are defined to cover both the enhancements to existing services and access technologies, and the provision of charging capabilities for the new Rel-6 Features (including Bearer, IMS and Service Charging aspects). • The structure of the charging specifications (TSs) is modified and now comprises: • a set of Implementers’ Guides (stage3 level descriptions) and • an “umbrella” specification (TS 32.240) that applies to all of the Implementers’ Guides.

Feature: Rel-6 UICC/USIM enhancements and interworking • This is an umbrella feature covering: • UICC API; and • Rel-6 USIM toolkit enhancements

Feature: Packet-switched streaming services (Rel-6) • The objective of this Feature is to standardize the components of a mobile multimedia content delivery service, including streaming protocols, media transport protocols and multimedia codecs, endeavouring to harmonize with existing and emerging 3GPP multimedia applications whenever possible. • Solutions should be fully backwards-compatibile with the Rel-5 Extended Streaming standards. • This work item will cover: • Support for service adaptation: • Enabling adaptation based on capability exchange, including user preferences. • Support adaptation to varying network conditions. • Adaptation to network capabilities and characteristics (GERAN, UTRAN and WLAN). • Consideration of introduction of new codecs and formats. • Harmonized streaming support for MMS. • Consideration of introduction of a server file format and a file format for progressive download. • Real time monitoring of application level QoS.

Feature: Network Domain Security; Authentication Framework (NDS/AF) The general objective is to develop a highly scaleable entity authentication framework for 3GPP network nodes belonging to the control plane of the core network. The entity authentication is developed to replace the (not so scaleable) default IPsec/IKE use of pre-shared secrets to authenticate the network elements. The authentication framework will therefore be based on profiled X.509v3 type of digital certificates and of profiled public key infrastructure technology and standards. The scope of this work item will be in accordance with and base on the Feasibility study on NDS/AF (3GPP TR 33.810).

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