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The human skeleton consists of…well, tradition says 206, but who really cares? More importantly is what the skeleton does. It provides support for our body . Work together with muscular and nervous system to coordinate movement .
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The human skeleton consists of…well, tradition says 206, but who really cares? More importantly is what the skeleton does. • It provides support for our body. • Work together with muscular and nervous system to coordinate movement. • They provide protection for vital organssuch as the brain, heart, and lungs. • Blood is made inside the bonesin the marrow. Bones are living. They will bleed when cut and mend themselves when injured. • The final function of the skeleton is to provide a reservoir of minerals(calcium, phosphates, potassium, and many other trace elements), which the body can call upon to replenish depleted levels. • (Show Brain Pop Skeletal System)
Types of Joints • Hinge joints like those found in the knee and elbow allow the skeleton to extend or contract. • Pivot joints like those found at the top of the spine allow you to look from side to side. • Ball and socket joints like those found in the shoulders and hips allow you to rotate your arm and hip (to a lesser degree) 360 degrees. • Gliding joints are found in the wrist and between the vertebrae • The skeleton system functions together with the muscular system and the nervous system to provide support and coordinate our movements. • Show Brain POP Joints
Bones are attached to each other with fibrous strands called ligaments. Many sports injuries are related to torn or stretched ligaments. Ligaments should not be confused with tendons. Tendons are fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bones. Tendon injuries are also common in active people. Cartilageis a smooth, (hard) plastic-like material that is found between major joints like the knee and vertebrae. Cartilage acts both as a shock absorber between joints and as a smooth surface that allows the joints to move with less friction.
The human body has, well, a lot of muscles. Over 600. That is a piece of information that is pretty useless if you really think about it. The functions of these many muscles is what is important, so let’s take a look at what muscles do: • Obviously, the main function of muscles is movement. The contraction and relaxation of muscles helps us to do everything from blink to kick a goal on the soccer field. Sometimes we control the action of the muscle (voluntary), and sometimes the muscles operate on their own (involuntary) as do the muscles in our heart. • Muscles help us to maintain our body temperature. This is one way the body maintains homeostasis. Homeostasis is the body’s attempt to keep everything functionally normally. When you need more oxygen, your respiratory and circulatory systems speed up. When you start to feel cold, your muscular systems starts to contract involuntarily to produce heat. We experience that as shivering, which is just a series of very rapid muscle contractions. So, muscles help us to maintain warmth. • 3. Muscles also help us to maintain our posture. Sure, the skeleton system provides us with the framework, but the muscular system holds us upright thorough a series of balancing contractions. • Show Brain Pop Muscles: Have You Been Working Out?
Three Types of Muscle • There are three types of muscles in our bodies: • Skeletal or Voluntary Muscles- these are the muscles that are attached to our bones (by tendons usually) and operate our voluntary muscle actions like chewing, running, walking, bending, etc. Certain types of exercise can increase the size of skeleton muscles.
2. Smooth Muscle- Smooth muscle is found lining organs like the stomach and intestines. The fibers of smooth muscle are not as long as those of skeletal muscle, and rather than twitch or contract quickly, smooth muscles contract slowly. Smooth muscles act involuntarily, in other words, without us knowing it. Our stomach muscles are constantly contracting to help digest food and push it into the small intestine.
3. Cardiac Muscle- The muscles of the heart are connected in a series of branched chains. Like smooth muscles, they contract and relax involuntarily. The chain configuration of cardiac muscle cells allows all the cells of the heart to contract at the same time. This is how the heart pumps blood.
