Global Movement of Disability and Development relation to CRPD and CBR/CBID

1. Global Movement of Disability and Development relation to CRPD and CBR/CBID AkiieNinomiya Asia-Pacific Development Center on Disability (APCD)

2. Disability and Development Micro level Macro level DNA Cell Organ PWD Family Village Society Medical Rehabilitation APCD’s Approach Educational / Vocational Rehabilitation

3. Persons with disabilities as resources APCD’s view on PWDs 1.Social resources 2.Empowered person 3.Member of society 4.Citizen 5.Policy advocator 6.Social development promoter Traditional view on PWDs 1.Sin (karma) 2.Vulnerable person 3.Person in need of help 4.Patient 5.Student 6.Receipient of welfare 7.Receipient of charity

4. Environmental Model PWD PWD PWD PWD Rehabilitation Empowerment PWD PWD Barrier-free Community Community

5. A Barrier-Free Society for All Removal of barriers Physical environment Information and Communication Regulations and Systems Prejudices and Attitudes || Empowered PWDs in the community Agents of change

6. APCD’s focus in CBR EMPOWERMENT ENVIRONMENT PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT COMMUNICATION SOCIAL MOBILIZATION INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION POLITICAL PARTICIPATION REGULATIONS & SYSTEMS SELF-HELP GROUPS DISABLED PEOPLE’S ORGANIZATIONS PREDUJICES & ATTITUDES

7. MDGS AND DISABILITY • “MDG 1: Eradicate Hunger and Poverty • MDG 2: Achieve Primary Universal Education • MDG 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

8. MDG 4: Reduce Child Mortality • MDG 5: Improve Maternal Health • MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases • MDG 7: EnsureEnvironmentalSustainability

9. MDG 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development • “A partnership implies inclusion, which means everyone.” • Disabled people are typically among the very poorest; • Disabled people are typically among the very poorest;

10. Disability cuts across all societies and groups. • Community-based Rehabilitation (CBR) is a strategy to promote inclusive development for persons with disabilities.

11. CBR AND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT • To ensure that persons with disabilities are able to maximize their physical and mental abilities, to access regular services and • opportunities, and to become active contributors to the community and society at large.

12. To activate communities to promote and protect the human rights of persons with disabilities through changes within the community, for example, by removing barriers to participation.

13. The scope of CBR activities broadened from medical and education activities to addressing poverty and livelihoods; • Formation of self-help groups, self-help organizations of persons with disabilities, family associations; • Awareness raising.

14. partnerships and networking; and inclusion of marginalized groups like women with disabilities, persons with intellectual or multiple disabilities, psychosocial disabilities or those living with HIV/AIDS.

15. CBR practice has changed from a medical orientated, often single sector (e.g., health or education), service delivery approach, to a comprehensive, multi-sectoral, rights-based one

16. Focusingon creation of inclusive societies where persons with disabilities have access to all development benefits like everyone in their communities

17. CBR and CRPD • Respect for inherent dignity, individual autonomy, including the freedom to make one’s own choices, and independence of persons. • Non-discrimination Full and active participation and inclusion in society

18. Equality of opportunity • Accessibility • Equality between men and women • Respect for the evolving capacities of children with disabilities and respect for the rights of children to preserve their identities.

19. CBR is a multisectoral, bottom-up strategy which can ensure that the Convention makes a difference at the community level. • While the Convention provides the philosophy and policy, CBR is a practical strategy for implementation.

20. CBR activities are designed to meet the basic needs of persons with disabilities, reduce poverty, and enable access to health, education, livelihood and social opportunities. all these activities fulfill the aims of the Convention.

21. Article 19: States Parties to the present Convention recognize the equal right of all persons with disabilities to live in the community, with choices equal to others, and shall take effective and appropriate measures to facilitate full enjoyment by persons with disabilities of this right and their full inclusion and participation in the community

22. (b) Support participation and inclusion in the community and all aspects of society, are voluntary, and are available to persons with disabilities as close as possible to their own communities, including in rural areas.

23. Article 25 (c) Provide these health services as close as possible to people’s own communities, including in rural areas.

24. Article 26. States Parties shall organize, strengthen and extend comprehensive habilitation and rehabilitation services and programmes, particularly in the areas of health, employment, education and social services, in such a way that these services and programmes:

25. ESCAPIncheon Strategy and CBR

26. 1.Reduce poverty and enhance work and employment prospects 2.Promote participation in political processes and in decision making 3.Enhance access to the physical environment, public transportation, knowledge, information and communication

27. 4.Strengthen social protection 5.Expand early intervention and education of children with disabilities 6.Ensure gender equality and women’s empowerment 7.Ensure disability-inclusive disaster risk reduction and management

28. 8.Improve the reliability and comparability of disability data 9.Accelerate the ratification and implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and harmonization of national legislation with the Convention 10.Advance sub-regional, regional and interregional cooperation.

29. CHALLENGES FOR CBR IN POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

30. Mongolia • around 2.9 million people. It is also the world's second-largest landlocked country after Kazakhstan.

31. Urban Poverty • Ulan Bator, the capitalis home to about 45% of the population.

32. Mongolia; About 20% of the population live on less than US$1.25 per day

33. Aging Population • According to recent UNESCAP reports, about 5 to 10 per cent of those aged over 65 show signs of Alzheimer’s disease in the Asia-Pacific region and an estimated 33 million people will be living with dementia in this region by 2030.

34. Mongolia; About 59% of the total population is under age 30, 27% of whom are under 14.

35. Health Care 1. Persons with disabilities, who make up 15% of the population, face widespread barriers in accessing health services and therefore experience greater unmet health care needs, worse health outcomes, and higher rates of poverty than persons without disabilities.

36. 2. The disadvantage in relation to poorer health experienced by persons with disabilities has wider impacts on families, communities, and health systems

37. 3. Improved access to health for persons with disabilities is not only a human right but also a critical enabling factor to achieving aspirations including education, employment, caring for and participating in family, community and public life.

38. 4. Good health will lead to better overall socio-economic outcomes for persons with disabilities and achievement of broader global development goals.

39. Education • Inclusive Education.

40. Livelihood • Income • Disability Inclusive Business • Consumer • Employee • Entrepreneurial Business

41. Social • Social protection • Relationship with Family and friends • Culture and Art • Recreation, Leisure and sports • Justice

42. Sustainability • Local fund-raising within developing countries to facilitate sustainability has been tried by implementers in the disability an development sector. • Not give a fish, but teach how to catch the fish. (Capacity Development)

43. A key principle for sustainability is to have the local government take over and sustain the programmes that are initiated with external support. It is important for external donor agencies to fit their own plans and ideas into the local governments’ plans and budgets.

44. Self-help groups and associations of persons with disabilities, who are the primary stakeholders for CBR, can contribute to sustainability. Linking these groups with other successful community based organizations such as women’s federations, can also be of help.

45. Collaboration between local government, parents, and CBR staff has been reported to be successful in continuing some CBR activities; while including persons with disabilities into local level development councils can ensure that disability issues are included in development planning

46. Thank you.