Catalyst – January 3(6), 2012 WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!!

Catalyst – January 3(6), 2012WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!! • Which is more specific: a genus or a species? • Fill in the blanks using the following words: GENES, ENERGY, EVOLUTION, CELLS. You can just write the correct word. • ____________ are the basic unit of life • New species and inherited traits are the product of __________________ • __________________ are the basic unit of heredity • Living organisms consume and transform _____________________

Catalyst – January 3(6), 2012WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!! Which is more specific: a genus or a species? Fill in the blanks using the following words: GENES, ENERGY, EVOLUTION, CELLS. You can just write the correct word. __________________ are the basic unit of life New species and inherited traits are the product of __________________ __________________ are the basic unit of heredity Living organisms consume and transform _____________________ CELLS EVOLUTION GENES ENERGY

Today’s Agenda • Catalyst • Review Scientific Method • Variables Notes and Practice Time • I-N-D-E-P-E-N-D-E-N-T! • DEPENDENT • CONSTANTS • Exit Question HW: IV, DV, Constants Worksheet

Today’s AgendaMs. Stroh is leaving early! • Catalyst • Review Scientific Method • Variables Notes • I-N-D-E-P-E-N-D-E-N-T! • DEPENDENT • CONSTANTS • SUB WORK (2nd Half of Class) • Complete both worksheets; leave in folder 

Projector Front Door 5th Period Group 2 Sharika, Roxy, Aerial, Angel Group 3 Amber, Blake, Brannesha, Myra Group 1 Chalsey, Titus, Antoineka Group 5 Alesia, Ashley, Torien, Chyna Group 4 Keiara, Boris, Nasheema, Myjiel (lab table) Group 6 Ovile, Kevin, Molly, Champagne Group 7 Katherine, Antione, Jornell Group 9 Larriane, Myderika, Jerome Group 8 Jesus, LaNell, Taylor, Erica

FYI (For Your Information) • Quiz 1.1 has been pushed back to Tuesday, 1/24 • Unit 1 Test has been pushed back to Tuesday, 1/31

Summary of Yesterday • An experimental question must be specific and testable • A hypothesis must be a statement that answers the question and gives a supporting reason • An experiment is the method to test the hypothesis and see if it was correct or incorrect

Yesterday’s Exit Question You observe that students in Ms. Stroh’s class get higher grades on their tests than the students in Ms. Blair’s class. • Write a question about this situation? • Write a testable hypothesis to answer your question.

Piggies! • Specific problem? • Info needed? • Hypothesis?

Last Night’s Homework • Overall purpose of the article? • Hypothesis to explain why squirrels hibernate • Hypothesis to explain why squirrels call New Info: check out the handout

Today’s Objectives • SWBAT identify and distinguish between independent variables, dependent variables, and constants in a scientific experiment.

NOTES: VARIABLES

Experimentation • Key Point #1: A proper experiment always has an independent variable and dependent variable. • The purpose of an experiment is to test how changing ONE THING affects something else • Variable: a quantity or condition that can have more than one value; variable means change!

Variables • Independent Variable: variable that you change during an experiment; causes the change you are measuring; aka manipulated variable (acts independently) • Dependent Variable: variable that is observed; changes in response to change in IV; aka responding variable (depends on other things)

Variables Continued • Remember!!!! • Variables are always CATEGORIES of things: time, amount, frequency, size, type • Variables are NEVER specific things

Demo • http://www.unitedstreaming.com/videos/dsc/externalApplications/virtual_labs-es/Plants/index.html

Teacher Models • Scientists have discovered something shocking: if you eat a lot of hamburgers, then you will gain fat. What is the independent variable? • Eat a lot of hamburgers • Type of hamburger you eat (McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Burger King, etc.) • Amount of hamburgers you eat • How much weight you gain

Teacher Models • Well-rested students learn more in school. So, Ms. Stroh believes that starting school later would increase test scores. What is the dependent variable? • Starting school later • Well-rested students • Time that school starts • Test scores

NEW PROCEDURE! WHITEBOARDS!

Whiteboard Practice • When Ms. Stroh says “GO!” • Send one member of your group to get whiteboards, erasers,and markersfor everyone (back lab bench) • Hurry! Remember, we want to stay under 3 minutesof transition time!

Whiteboards 1 • Ms. Stroh believes that the more you study, the better grades you’ll earn. What is the independent variable? • Studying more • Amount of time you study • Grade earned • Type of test

Whiteboards 2 • Shanel is always cold in class. She hypothesizes that if she wears many layers of clothing to school, then she will be warmer. What is the dependent variable? • Number of layers Shanel wears • How warm Shanel is • Temperature of the room • Shanel will be warmer

Whiteboards 3 • Ms. Stroh’s students want to test how easily bought off she is. Students who give her an apple get a “C.” Students who give her candy get an “A.” What is the independent variable? • Type of food given to Ms. Stroh • Apples and candy • “A” on the report card • Report card

Whiteboards 4 • Tashica hates cooking, but loves listening to music. She believes that if she listens to music while cooking, then she will cook more often. What is the dependent variable? • She will cook more often • Listens to music while cooking • Frequency that Tashica cooks • What Tashica listens to

If you’re having trouble… • 4 minutes • 26 mg of baking soda • Lifting weights every day • Medium t-shirts • Bullfrog • 16 candles • Never gets sick • Time to get dressed • Amount of baking soda • Frequency of lifting weights • Size of t-shirts • Type of frog • Number of candles • Degree of health WRONG RIGHT

Review • Ms. Stroh believes that the more you study, the better grades you’ll earn. What is the independent variable? • Studying more • Amount of time you study • Grade earned • Type of test

Review • Shanel is always cold in class. She hypothesizes that if she wears many layers of clothing to school, then she will be warmer. What is the dependent variable? • Number of layers Shanel wears • How warm Shanel is • Temperature of the room • Shanel will be warmer

Review • Ms. Stroh’s students want to test how easily bought off she is. Students who give her an apple get a “C.” Students who give her candy get an “A.” What is the independent variable? • Type of food given to Ms. Stroh • Apples and candy • “A” on the report card • Report card

Review • Tashica hates cooking, but loves listening to music. She believes that if she listens to music while cooking, then she will cook more often. What is the dependent variable? • She will cook more often • Listens to music while cooking • Frequency that Tashica cooks • What Tashica listens to

Guided Practice Worksheet • 10 minutes to complete • 3 minutes to compare answers • KEEP THIS to help you with homework tonight

Constants • Key Point #2: Everything but the independent and dependent variable must be kept constant. • Constants: other experimental factors (potential variables) that stay the same throughout experiment • If many different things change at once, we don’t know what causes the change!

Example • Let’s say we want to design an experiment to determine what causes the Hornets to win games.

Number of games that Hornets win

Try this one! Answer in notes… • Travie McCoy hypothesizes that if he write more songs about being rich, then he will sell more CDs because his listeners also want to be rich. • What is the IV? • What is the DV? • What are the constants? • Remember, variables are CATEGORIES.

If Travie write more songs about being rich, then he will sell more CDs because his listeners also want to be rich. • IV • Number of songs about being rich • How often Travie sings about being rich • Amount of times Travie sings about money • DV • Number of CDs Travie sells • How many CDs Travie sells • Constant • Amount of money CDs cost • Number of tracks on each CD • How good each CD is

Practice You want to know when in the year there are the most love bugs. Every night, you record how many love bugs you find outside. Time of year (season/month) IV = DV = Constant = Amount of fireflies

Practice • Maria needs to run a 6 minute mile to pass PE. She believes that if she runs every day, then she will be able to run faster. IV = DV = Constant = Frequency that Maria runs Mile time

Practice • Students of different genders were given the same puzzle to assemble. The puzzle assembly time was measured. IV = DV = Constant = Type of gender Time to assemble puzzle

If there are more students, then there will be more school bus drivers. IV = DV = Constant = Amount of students Number of school bus drivers

If the amount of sugar used on beignets decreases, then less beignets will be sold. What depends on what? IV = DV = Constant = Amount of sugar used Number of beignets sold

If the Saints win more games, then they will attract more big name players. IV = Number of games won DV = Number of players attracted Constant =

Conclusion • A proper experiment always has an independent variable and dependent variable. Everything but the independent and dependent variable must be kept constant. • Independent Variable: manipulated variable • Dependent variable: responding variable • Constants: factors kept the same throughout experiment

Exit Question • Let’s say you want to figure out what drink will make you taller: milk, Gatorade, or water. You drink each for a month and record your height at the end of each month. • What is the independent variable? • What is the dependent variable? • What are at least two factors that should be held constant? HW: IV, DV, Constants Worksheet

Catalyst – January 3(6), 2012 WAY BACK WEDNESDAY!!!