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Student: Chi-Fong Yang ( 楊啟鋒 ) Adviser: Ho-Ting Wu ( 吳和庭 )

This research study focuses on designing and evaluating a mobility WiMAX simulation platform, including call admission control, classifier mechanism, bandwidth allocation mechanism, and packet scheduling mechanism. The performance of the platform is evaluated on Voice over IP (V2oIP) applications.

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Student: Chi-Fong Yang ( 楊啟鋒 ) Adviser: Ho-Ting Wu ( 吳和庭 )

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  1. 移動式下WiMAX模擬平台建制與效能評估之研究 The Design of Mobility WiMAX Simulation Platform and Its Performance Evaluation Student: Chi-Fong Yang (楊啟鋒) Adviser: Ho-Ting Wu (吳和庭) Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University of Technology

  2. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  3. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access • WiMAX? • Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access • IEEE 802.16 specifies the air interface of fixed and mobile BWA systems • Wireless broadband network connection technique • Replace last mile • Cost saving and easy to deploy • Support high transmission rate

  4. IEEE 802.16 Protocol Layering • Convergence Sublayer • Classification. • Header suppression • Common Part Sublayer • Network entry and initialization • Service flow management • QoS mechanisms • Mobility management • Security Sublayer • Authentication • Secure key exchange • Encryption

  5. Media Acces Control • Downlink Transmission • Preamble • Synchronization and equalization • DL-MAP/UL-MAP • Defines downlink/uplink channel access • Defines downlink/uplink data burst profiles • Uplink Transmission • Contention opportunities for SS/MS initial ranging • Contention opportunities for bandwidth requests • Contention-free periods assigned by BS to individual SS/MS

  6. Connection and Service Flow • Connection • CID is a 16-bits value that identifies a connection • A unidirectional mapping between BS and SS/MS peers • Purpose of transporting a service flow traffic • A CID maps to a service flow identifier(SFID) • Service Flow • SFID is a 32-bits value that identifies a service flow • A unidirectional flow of MAC service data units(SDUs) on a connection • Particular QoS provided • SS-initialed or BS-initialed

  7. Mobility Management • Power management • Serving BS air interface resources • Minimize MS power usage and decrease usage • Sleep mode • Handover • Start with either MOB_MSHO-REQ or MOB_BSHO-REQ • Hard Handover(break-before-make handover) • Soft Handover(make-before-break handover) • Macro Diversity Handover(MDHO) • MS transmit to and receive from multiple BSs at the same time • Fast BS Switching(FBSS) • MS to receive/transmit data from/to the Anchor BS

  8. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  9. Design of QoS Simulation Platform

  10. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  11. BS Initiated DSA-REQ Flowchart

  12. SS Initiated DSA-REQ Flowchart

  13. Mandatory CAC Algorithm

  14. CAC Flowchart

  15. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  16. Scheduling Services • Unsolicited Grant Service(UGS) • Support real-time service flows • Fixed-size data packets on a periodic interval • T1/E1 and VoIP without silence suppression • Extended rtPS(ertPS) • Scheduling mechanism which builds on the efficiency of both UGS and rtPS • VoIP with silence suppression • Real-time Polling Service(rtPS) • Support real-time service flows • Variable-sized data packets on a periodic interval • MPEG video • Non-real-time Polling Service(nrtPS) • Support non-real-time service flows • FTP • Best Effort(BE) • provide efficient service • Web, e-mail

  17. Classifier Flowchart

  18. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  19. Mandatory BWA Algorithm

  20. BWA Flowchart

  21. BWRA Flowchart

  22. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  23. Mandatory Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Strict Priority • UGS>ertPS>rtPS>nrtPS>BE • Well-known packet scheduling algorithm • FIFO(First Input First Output) • EDF(Earlies Deadline First) • WFQ(Weighted Fair Queue) • RR(Round Robin)

  24. Outline • Background • Implement for QoS Simulation Platform • Call Admission Control Mechanism • Classifier Mechanism • Bandwidth Allocation Mechanism • Packet Scheduling Mechanism • Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • Conclusion and Future Works

  25. Performance Evaluation on V2oIP • VoIP • Session Initiation Protocol • Performance evaluation in fixed environment • Performance evaluation in mobility environment • SIP Performance Adjustment • Adaptive codec adjustment scheme

  26. SIP Call Setup Flowchart • Session • SIP Session • Signaling Connection • RTP Connection • Connection • Signaling/RTP Connection • Service flow Connection SIP Call

  27. System Topology of Simulation Experiment

  28. Modulation Rate Detection

  29. Adaptive Codec Adjustment for Voice Transmission • Dynamic voice codec adjustment • Dependent on SNR and modulation rate • Three codecs supported : G.711, G.726, G.729 2019/10/24 29

  30. Adaptive Codec Adjustment for Video Transmission • Dynamic video codec adjustment • Dependent on SNR and modulation rate • H.264 encode supported 2019/10/24 30

  31. Simulation Environment

  32. Traffic Parameters

  33. SIP Call Blocking Probability and Packet Dropping in Fixed WiMAX Environment

  34. SIP Call Blocking Probability and Packet Dropping in Mobile WiMAX Environment

  35. Comparison for New SIP Call Blocking Probability

  36. Comparison for HO SIP Call Blocking Probability

  37. Comparison for Packet Dropping Probability

  38. Conclusion and Future Work • Provide simulation platform for WiMAX • Fixed Simulation Environment • Mobility Simulation Environment • Provide fundamental QoS mechanism • Call Admission Control • Classifier • Bandwidth Allocation • Packet scheduling • Design for higher performance QoS mechanism • Power saving • Reliable HO procedure • OFDM symbols allocation

  39. Thanks for Your Attention Q&A

  40. WiMAX Network Topology

  41. IEEE 802.16 Family • IEEE 802.16d (July 2004) • Integrate both IEEE 802.16 and 802.16a • MAC supported : TDD/FDD, QoS, ARQ(Automatic Repeat Request) • Three PHYs specified : Single Carrier, OFDM, OFDMA • IEEE 802.16e(December 2005) • Update and expand IEEE 802.16 – 2004 to allow for mobile subscriber stations • IEEE 802.16f(Active Amendment) • Management Information Database • IEEE 802.16g(Active Amendment) • Management Plane Procedures and Services • Define WiMAX system management flow • WiMAX equipment compatibility • IEEE 802.16j(Active Amendment) • Multi-hop relay specification • IEEE 802.16h(Amendment under development) • Improved coexistence mechanisms for license-exempt operation • IEEE 802.16m(Amendment at pre-draft stage) • Higher data rate(100 Mbps for mobile application, 1 Gbps for fixed application)

  42. OFDM Frame Structure with TDD

  43. Network Entry and Initialization • Phases • Scan for DL channel and establish synchronization with the BS • Obtain transmit parameters(UCD/DCD) • Initial ranging • Basic capability negotiation • Authorization and key exchange • Registration • Establish IP connectivity • Establish time of day • Transfer operational parameters • Connection setup

  44. Bandwidth Request/Grand Mechanism • Contention-based bandwidth requests • Broadcast polling • Multicast group polling • Contention-free bandwidth requests • Unicast polling • Piggyback • The bandwidth request is piggybacked onto a MAC PDU on an existing connection • Bandwidth grant • Grant Per Subscriber Station(GPSS) • Grant Per Connection(GPC)

  45. Handover Procedure • Cell reselection • Scanning procedure • Association procedure • Handover decision and initiation • MS to handover from a serving BS to a target BS • Proceed with a notification through either MOB_MSHO-REQ or MOB_BSHO-REQ • BSs specified in MOB_BSHO-RSP is recommended • Synchronization • Synchronize to downlink transmissions of Target BS • Obtain downlink and uplink transmission parameters • Ranging • Collection of processes by witch SS and BS maintain the quality of RF commutation link

  46. HO Flowchart BS HO initialed SS HO initialed 2019/10/24 46

  47. Service Flow Maintenance • Dynamic Service Addition • DSA-REQ/DSA-RSP/DSA-ACK • Dynamic Service Change • DSC-REQ/DSC-RSP • Dynamic Service Deletion • DSD-REQ/DSD-RSP DSA Flow DSC Flow DSD Flow

  48. CID Assigned m = 0x2000

  49. Mandatory Channel Coding per Modulation • 16-Subchannel

  50. Packet Scheduling Algorithm • FIFO • Find out the arrival time of packet • Bubble sorting • EDF • Deadline = arrival time + maximum delay • Bubble sorting • RR • Polling all active connection

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