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Nuclear Club

Nuclear Club. Powers under NPT U.S., Russia, United Kingdom, France, China Non-NPT India, Pakistan, North Korea Undeclared Israel From a high of 65,000 active weapons in 1985, there are now more than 22,000 total nuclear warheads in the world as of 2010. . Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

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Nuclear Club

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  1. Nuclear Club • Powers under NPT • U.S., Russia, United Kingdom, France, China • Non-NPT • India, Pakistan, North Korea • Undeclared • Israel • From a high of 65,000 active weapons in 1985, there are now more than 22,000 total nuclear warheads in the world as of 2010. 

  2. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty • Treaty to limit the spread (proliferation) of nuclear weapons. • 1970. Now 189 countries in the treaty, five of which are recognized as nuclear weapon states: U.S., Russia, U.K., France and China (also the five permanent members of the UN Security Council). • All 187 signatories were committed to goal of nuclear disarmament • Four non-parties to the treaty are known or believed to possess nuclear weapons. •  India, Pakistan, and North Korea have openly tested and declared that they possess nuclear weapons • Israel is deliberately ambiguous about its nuclear weapons. North Korea withdrew in 2003.

  3. Nuclear Test Ban Treaty • 1963: prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons (atmosphere, underwater, in space) except underground. • Developed both to slow the arms race and to stop the excessive release of nuclear fallout into the atmosphere. • Neither France nor China (nuclear powers) have signed.

  4. Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM): 1972. Entered into between the U.S. and USSR to limit the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems used in defending areas against missile-delivered nuclear weapons; ended by the U.S. in 2002. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties I & II (SALT I & II): 1972 / 1979. Limited the growth of U.S. and Soviet missile arsenals. Prevention of Nuclear War Agreement: 1973. Committed the U.S. and USSR to consult with one another during conditions of nuclear confrontation.

  5. Red = nuclear weapons countries Blue = nuclear weapon free zone Yellow = neither, but NPT

  6. Doomsday Clock • Symbolic clock face, maintained since 1947 by the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists at the Univ. of Chicago. • The closer the clock is to midnight, the closer the world is estimated to be to global disaster. • Originally, the analogy represented the threat of global nuclear war, but since 2007 (five minutes to midnight) it has also reflected climate change and life sciences that could inflict harm. • Music: “Minutes to Midnight” by Linkin Park and Midnight Oil; “Two Minutes to Midnight” by Iron Maiden; “Doomsday Clock” by Smashing Pumpkins

  7. Doomsday clock moved closer to midnightJanuary 2012 • Citing ongoing threats from nuclear proliferation, climate change, and the need to find sustainable and safe sources of energy, scientists moved the "Doomsday Clock" one minute closer to midnight. • The clock was moved from six to five minutes to midnight. • The clock is symbolic and has been maintained by the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists since 1947. The closer to a setting of midnight it gets, the closer it is estimated that a global disaster will occur. • "There are still 20,000 nuclear weapons in the world, enough to kill all of humanity many times over," Professor Socolow of Princeton University. • The clock came closest to midnight — just two minutes away — in 1953 after the successful test of a hydrogen bomb by the USA. It has been as far away as 17 minutes, set there in 1991 following the demise of the Soviet Union.

  8. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQG4oA66uzI

  9. Blasting ring, NYC. Scene from “Countdown to Zero”

  10. Scene from “Countdown to Zero”

  11. Demonstrating that it would only take a tennis ball sized amount of uranium to destroy a city.

  12. List of the Nuclear Club • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TMCkt542jWE&feature=endscreen&NR=1 • 4 mins • Nuclear detonation timeline: 1945-1998 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9l7DriYppg • 14 mins

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