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Ruth Naughton -Doe. Timebanking: where is the evidence? Ruth Naughton -Doe. What is time banking? Person-to-person time banking. Egalitarian Reciprocity. What can timebanking contribute to preventative social care?.
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Ruth Naughton-Doe Timebanking: where is the evidence? Ruth Naughton-Doe
What is time banking?Person-to-person time banking Egalitarian Reciprocity
What can timebanking contribute to preventative social care? • Co-production; de-professionalised services and building community capacity for self-help • Prevention through improving well-being • Practical support: that ‘extra bit of help’ (JFR, 2009)
The timebanking halo • Individuals/public: ‘that’s such a great idea!’ • The media: Radio 4 documentary, BBC, newspapers • Think tanks and practitioners: NEF, NESTA, Spice
Where is the evidence? Systematic synthesis of literature • Biased, vested interests, practitioner-produced • Few quantitative outcomes studies (8) • Abundance of qualitative studies (but low quality) • Evidence of significant implementation challenges (USA, Japan)
Outputs: What do time banks do? • Small numbers of members • Small proportion are active • Organisational members often very active • One-on-one exchanges are rare You mean the majority of timebanks are not doing one-on-one exchanges? It is not what I thought it was… (TV Researcher, London)
What were the outcomes? • Difficulties of collecting quantitative data • Quantitative data insignificant • Qualitative data demonstrates indicators of well-being and social capital • Mechanisms by which outcomes are generated include trust, flexibilityand variety.
Resources and Finances (‘The F Word’) • Resources: time-broker, facilities, day trips • Older people: access, transport and mobility • Short term funding, small grants • Cuts in social care; funding not a priority
Professionalisation and Bureaucracy‘Timebanking: how to professionalise a really good idea’ (TBUK WORKER) • Insurance, safeguarding, risk and CRB • Broker managed exchanges “You have to Introduce them to dog walker, assess the house, assess the dog, assess the owner, have a chat, and once we found the walker, introduce the two of them together and go out for a walk with them as well just for a safety measure. If that dog walker can’t make it on the day, they ring me, and I ring the person. Very often we advise them not to swap phone numbers as you can imagine what can happen.” (Time broker, North East England)
Human drama • Time poverty (Burchardt, 2010) • Health problems • Reluctance to contribute (Fine, 2007) Practical challenges • Skills gaps • Unwanted tasks • Recruitment/retention
References • BURCHARDT, T. 2010. Time, income and substantive freedom: A capability approach. Time & Society, 19, 318-344 • Department of Health (2012) Caring for our fture. Reforming Care and Support White Paper. London: DoH. • Hudson and Henwood (2008) Prevention, personalisaton and prioritisation in social care. Squaring the Circle. London: SCIE. • Joseph Rowntree Foundation (2009) Older people’s vision for long term care. London: JRF. • Hayashi, M. (2012) ‘Japan’s FureaiKippuTime-banking in Elderly Care: Origins, Development, Challenges and Impact’ International Journal of Community Currency Research 16 (A) 30-44 • NEF (2006) National Accounts of Well-Being. London: NEF. • Pawson and Tilley (2004) Realistic Evaluation. London: Sage. • SEYFANG, G. (2004) Working Outside the Box: Community Currencies, Time Banks and Social Inclusion. Journal of Social Policy, 33, 49-71.