Welcome to the Module 4 Live Lesson!

1. Welcome to the Module 4 Live Lesson! A Review of the Renaissance, Reformation and Age of Discovery!

2. Vocab Review  • Renaissance-a time of transition in Europe between the medieval and modern era, from the 14th to the 17th century, marked by a revival of art, sciences, and classical thinking in Italy • Humanism-a system of thought that gives the most importance to human rather than divine matters, helped to usher in the modern age. • Vernacular-the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region

3. Vocab Review Continued  • Patrons-people who gave financial or other types of support to artists during the Renaissance • Perspective-the art of drawing in two dimensions in a way that gives the impression of three dimensions • Fresco-a painting created by using watercolors on fresh plaster, so that the color becomes part of the plaster as it dries

4. A Generation Reborn • Each city-state was run by its own government (mostly wealthy citizens) • 5 major city-states: Venice, Rome, Naples, Milan and Florence • Location was key in the success of the 5 major city-states (near Mediterranean; ideal for trade)

5. An Age of Art & Social Standing • Revived classics of Greece and Rome, birth of the individual • Rise of middle class-people could improve their social standing • Wealthy patrons could support local artists • The Printing Press is considered to be one of the greatest inventions of the time-made it possible to mass produce printed materials

6. Important Figures from the Renaissance • Michelangelo-painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel • Leonardo da Vinci- “Renaissance Man,” most famous work Mona Lisa • Jan Van Eyck-Flemish painter who was known as the first master of oil painting. • Petrarch-considered first humanist writer

7. Important Figures Continued • Niccolo Machiavelli of Florence wrote his most famous book, The Prince. The Prince actually shows the common political theory that "the end justifies the means.“ • William Shakespeare-English playwright who was influenced by humanism. • Miguel de Cervantes was a Spanish writer who wrote the novel Don Quixote de la Mancha.

8. Please go to lesson 4.3 and use what you reviewed today to match the figure to the correct fact about them ______Filippo Brunelleschi A. painted on the ceiling of Rome’s Sistine Chapel ______Johann Gutenberg B. Spanish writer who wrote Don Quixote ______Miguel de Cervantes C. Wealthy patrons who controlled Florence ______Leonardo da Vinci D. Writer who believed that the end justifies the means ______Francesco Petrarch E. Famous English playwright ______Jan van Eyck F. Invented printing press ______de Medici G. Often referred to as the first “Renaissance Man” ______Michelangelo H. First master of oil painting ______William Shakespeare I. Architect credited with rediscovering perspective ______Niccolo Machiavelli J. Considered one of the earliest and most famous humanist writers

9. Vocab Review  • Heresy-belief or opinion that goes against orthodox religious teachings • Reformation-the Protestant reform movement that split the Roman Catholic Church • Protestants-the leaders and followers of the effort within Europe to reform the Roman Catholic Church, starting in the 1500s

10. The Rise of Protestantism • Starting from 1300’s Catholic Church attacked for a variety of reasons • The Church’s extreme wealth • The way in which the Church earned its money • The close ties of religious leaders to politics • By 1500’s religious reformers started speaking out and forming their own Christian churches

11. Please go to lesson 4.4 and refer to page 1to complete the chart

12. Martin Luther 95 Theses John Calvin John Knox Henry VIII Desiderius Erasmus

13. Vocab Review  • Mercantile System-an economic system where a nation's wealth is controlled by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests • Atlantic slave trade: the forced movement of enslaved Africans from Africa to the Americas for profit

14. Age of Discovery • Advances in technology, shipbuilding and navigating led to this exciting age • The Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and English all set out on expeditions • The monarchs of many European kingdoms wanted to find faster trade routes to Asia • Nations in seek of gold, glory, and to please God by spreading Christianity to non Christian lands • From the moment Europeans first set foot in the Americas, certain animals, plants, and diseases began to cross the Atlantic=the Columbian Exchange. • Europeans brought with them diseases that often wiped out native populations of the America’s

15. The Slave Trade • With the rapidly growing economies in Europe and their colonies, the demand for cheap labor for their plantations and mines increased=slavery • The route taken in the triangular slave trade from West Africa to the Caribbean was known as the Middle Passage and involved the abusive transport of enslaved Africans

16. Important Figures from the Age of Discovery • Ferdinand Magellan-Portuguese explorer who sailed from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean via the southern tip of South America • Prince Henry the Navigator-a Portuguese royal prince, soldier, and patron of explorers • Bartolomeu Dias-Portuguese explorer who discovered the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa

17. Important Explorers Continued • Vasco Da Gama-Portuguese explorer who discovered a sea route to India around Africa • Columbus returned to Spain from new World with gold, animals, plants, Indian cloth, and several natives. He made four voyages to the Americas. Soon the Spanish realized that Columbus had not found India but a new land instead.

18. How to read an exam question LC = Low Complexity: This means you need to use MEMORY & RECALL The answer is ‘right there’ One step – recall a fact These are BIG Picture and Major Idea questions. Knowing Dates, Places, Events will answer the question.

19. How to read an exam question MC = Medium Complexity: This means you need to Figure Something Out. Two Steps Required: Search & Find information Solve a Problem Figure out what comes next What does the author mean?

20. How to read an exam question HC = High Complexity: This means you need to Dig Deep & Think!! High Give an opinion & back it up Use old ideas to make new ideas Take it apart & put it back together

21. (4.2 MC) Why was geography such a significant factor in the rise of the Italian city-states? A. Italy's location on the Mediterranean, between Western Europe, the Byzantine Empire, and the Arab world, made it a crossroads of trade and culture B. The land where the Italian city-states arose was well suited to agriculture, resulting in a population boom for these cities C. Italy's position in the Mediterranean allowed for easy trading with Great Britain and Ireland D. The location of Milan made it a maritime center for trade with the East

22. Why was geography such a significant factor in the rise of the Italian city-states? A. Italy's location on the Mediterranean, between Western Europe, the Byzantine Empire, and the Arab world, made it a crossroads of trade and culture B. The land where the Italian city-states arose was well suited to agriculture, resulting in a population boom for these cities C. Italy's position in the Mediterranean allowed for easy trading with Great Britain and Ireland D. The location of Milan made it a maritime center for trade with the East

23. (04.03 LC)Use the following image of a Renaissance painting to answer the following question: The Last Supper was painted by which of the following Renaissance artists? • A. Michelangelo • B. Leonardo da Vinci • C. Sandro Botticelli • D. El Greco

24. Use the following image of a Renaissance painting to answer the following question: The Last Supper was painted by which of the following Renaissance artists? • A. Michelangelo • B. Leonardo da Vinci • C. Sandro Botticelli • D. El Greco

25. (04.04 MC)Use the following illustration that shows Henry VIII sitting on a throne with Pope Clement VII being trampled under his feet to answer the question: Which of the following reforms does this illustration depict? • A. Henry VIII's acknowledgement of the pope as the supreme authority of the Church • B. Henry VIII's success in removing corruption from the Roman Catholic Church • C. Henry VIII's declaration of himself as head of the Church in England • D. Henry VIII's attempt to persuade the Church to grant legal divorces to all citizens

26. Use the following illustration that shows Henry VIII sitting on a throne with Pope Clement VII being trampled under his feet to answer the question: Which of the following reforms does this illustration depict? • A. Henry VIII's acknowledgement of the pope as the supreme authority of the Church • B. Henry VIII's success in removing corruption from the Roman Catholic Church • C. Henry VIII's declaration of himself as head of the Church in England • D. Henry VIII's attempt to persuade the Church to grant legal divorces to all citizens

27. (04.07 MC)Use the illustration of a slave ship to answer the question: What aspect of the slave trade does the picture represent? A. During the passage, there was a lack of food and water. B. During the passage, slaves were punished by sailors. C. During the passage, overcrowding was extreme. D. During the passage, slaves were confused about their fate.

28. Use the illustration of a slave ship to answer the question: What aspect of the slave trade does the picture represent? A. During the passage, there was a lack of food and water. B. During the passage, slaves were punished by sailors. C. During the passage, overcrowding was extreme. D. During the passage, slaves were confused about their fate.

29. (4.2 M.C.)Why are the de Medici associated with the beginning of the Renaissance in Florence? • A. As staunch supporters of the Catholic Church, they fought against much of the humanist tendencies of the Renaissance. • B. They used their banking wealth and political power to foster art and architecture in the Republic of Florence • C. Establishing a monarchy based in Florence, they sheltered artists and scholars who fled Papal authority • D. The de Medici family was the family in power at the Renaissance and were patrons of the arts

30. Why are the de Medici associated with the beginning of the Renaissance in Florence? • A. As staunch supporters of the Catholic Church, they fought against much of the humanist tendencies of the Renaissance. • B. They used their banking wealth and political power to foster art and architecture in the Republic of Florence • C. Establishing a monarchy based in Florence, they sheltered artists and scholars who fled Papal authority • D. The de Medici family was the family in power at the Renaissance and were patrons of the arts

31. (04.06 HC) How might the Columbian Exchange have contributed to the continuation of Western abuse of non-Western peoples across the globe? A. The introduction of diseases almost wiped out the original populations of the New World and allowed the European settlers to acquire land with little resistance. B. The exchange of human capital in the form of slaves from Africa prevented the expanding economies of Africa from competing with Europeans. C. The Columbian Exchange effectively destroyed the original cultures of the Aztecs and Inca, thus depriving the Europeans of competition. D. The exchange exposed Europeans to valuable resources, which fueled the process of further colonization and exploitation

32. How might the Columbian Exchange have contributed to the continuation of Western abuse of non-Western peoples across the globe? A. The introduction of diseases almost wiped out the original populations of the New World and allowed the European settlers to acquire land with little resistance. B. The exchange of human capital in the form of slaves from Africa prevented the expanding economies of Africa from competing with Europeans. C. The Columbian Exchange effectively destroyed the original cultures of the Aztecs and Inca, thus depriving the Europeans of competition. D. The exchange exposed Europeans to valuable resources, which fueled the process of further colonization and exploitation