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GASTROINTESTINAL (cont)

GASTROINTESTINAL (cont). Digestion ______________________________________________________________ Gastrointestinal Tract AKA: ____________________ Extends from the _________________. The Mouth ____________________________________________________________________

kelsey-douglas
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GASTROINTESTINAL (cont)

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  1. GASTROINTESTINAL (cont) • Digestion • ______________________________________________________________ • Gastrointestinal Tract • AKA: ____________________ • Extends from the _________________

  2. The Mouth • ____________________________________________________________________ • 3 sets of salivary glands surrounding the oral cavity secrete saliva • Saliva contains enzymes (salivary amylase) that ________________ and begins the digestion of _____________ • Three pairs of glands with ducts: • __________________ • __________________ • __________________

  3. GASTROINTESTINAL (cont) • Pharynx • AKA: _____________________ • Passageway for ______________________ • Muscular tube that moves food into the esophagus • _______________ covers the _________________ when we swallow • Esophagus • ______________________ • Involuntary rhythmic contractions of the esophagus to move food to stomach • ______________________ • a group of muscles which closes the entrance to the stomach to prevent backflow of food

  4. GASTROINTESTINAL • The Stomach • Pouch-like organ with four regions • Located in the left hypochondriac region • Receives food from the _____________ ____________________________________________________________________ • Semi fluid material • __________________________ • Muscle between the stomach and small intestine that keeps food in the stomach

  5. GASTROINTESTINAL (cont) • ___________________________ • Receive chyme from the stomach • Absorption occurs over 1 to 6 hours • Begins in the small intestine • Passage of material from the walls of the GI tract to the bloodstream • ______________________________ • Has 3 parts: • ____________________ (10”) • __________________ (8’) • __________________

  6. GASTROINTESTINAL (cont) • ____________________ (5’) • Waste products from digestion stay here for 12 to 24 hours • Has four main parts: • ___________________ (first section) • ___________________ • __________________ • __________________

  7. GASTROINTESTINAL (cont) • The Liver • ________________________ • Not within the GI tract, but performs digestive functions • Changes food nutrients into useable substances • Secretes __________________ • Stores glucose and certain vitamins • Secretes bilirubin

  8. Accessory Organs • _____________________ • Bile released from the liver goes into the gallbladder • ______________________________________ • ____________________ • Secretes pancreatic juice into small intestine • Also an endocrine gland (secretes insulin) • Located behind the stomach

  9. Diseases and Disorders • Eating Disorders • ____________________ – refusal to eat • ____________________ – binging and purging • __________________ – can be caused by overeating • Overweight – less than 20% over ideal body weight • Obese – more than 20% over ideal body weight • Morbid Obese – 100 pounds over ideal body weight

  10. Diseases and Disorders • Halitosis – _______________________ • _________________________– inflammation of the stomach and small intestine • Stomach flu • ____________________– accumulation of gas in the stomach or intestines • Flatus – release of gas through the anus • Eructation - _________________________

  11. Diseases and Disorders • _____________________________ • Also called _______________ or stomach ulcers • Sores on the mucus membranes in the GI tract • Most common cause is ______________________ • Sx: ______________________________________ • Hiatal Hernia – __________________________________________________________________________

  12. Diseases and Disorders • ________________– excessive billirubin in the blood causing _________________ appearance • Result of liver disease • Newborn jaundice is common • _______________ – chronic _________disease caused by chronic hepatitis, poor nutrition, or ___________________________________

  13. Diseases and Disorders • _______________________ • Inflammation of the gallbladder • Typically caused by gall stones • _________________ • Inflammation of the appendix • Sx: abdominal pain, constipation, fever, and elevated WBC count • Tx: surgery

  14. Diseases and Disorders • ___________________________ • Chronic inflammatory bowel disease of the large intestine • Sx: cramping, abdominal pain, diarrhea • Tx: medication • ___________________________ • Similar to Ulcerative Colitis except also affects small intestine • Sx: same as ulcerative colitis

  15. Diseases and Disorders • _____________________ – inflammation of the small pouches of the intestinal wall due to trapped food or bacteria • Sx: abdominal pain, fever • Tx: BR, antibiotics, liquid diet, low fiber diet • When in control managed by dietary changes • Constipation – infrequent or difficult BM • _______________________________________________ • _________________________ – loose, watery stools • _________________________ – swollen, twisted veins that cause discomfort in internal and external anal area

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