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Towards an Urban America

Towards an Urban America. An Industrial Society . Important Individuals. Alexander Graham Bell- telephone Henry Ford- autos and assembly line Thomas Edison- light bulb Jane Addams-Hull House in Chicago Andrew Carnegie- steel J.D. Rockefeller- oil Cornelius Vanderbilt- railroads.

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Towards an Urban America

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  1. Towards an Urban America An Industrial Society

  2. Important Individuals • Alexander Graham Bell- telephone • Henry Ford- autos and assembly line • Thomas Edison- light bulb • Jane Addams-Hull House in Chicago • Andrew Carnegie- steel • J.D. Rockefeller- oil • Cornelius Vanderbilt- railroads

  3. Society • Immigrants-workedin factories • Urban life-ghettos, tenements, overcrowded • Settlement houses-communitycenter inthe slums • Discrimination-women, children andminorities

  4. Working conditions during Industrialization • Sweat shops-makinggarments for lowwages • Child labor- as young as 5 years oldworked in factories • Long hours- no laws on number of hours worked • Unsafe working conditions-workers safety was not a concern • Low wages- Average of $3.00 a week

  5. Living Conditions in urban areas • Tenements-unsanitary and cramped conditions • Ghettos-terrible housing conditions in cities • Political machines- politicians that were greedy and untruthful (offered jobs and housing to immigrants- which was against the law)

  6. Reasons for Urban Growth • Migration of African Americans to Northern cities ( for jobs) • Immigration (for jobs) • Industrialization (created jobs) • Rural to urban migration (country to city)

  7. Sweatshops

  8. Location of Key Industries • New England (New York)= textiles • Detroit= automobiles (Henry Ford) • Pittsburgh= steel (Andrew Carnegie) • Chicago= meat packing (Upton Sinclair wrote THE JUNGLE)

  9. Factors that supported industrial development • Natural resources (iron ore, copper, lead) • Transportation networks (railroads) • Inventions (telephone, light bulb) • Workers (Immigrants, child labor) • Access to energy resources • Financial resources $$$$

  10. Methods to improve working conditions • UNIONS • *Knights of Labor • *American Federation of Labor- (AFL) • STRIKES • *Homestead Strike- Carnegie Steel • *Pullman Strike- railroads

  11. Growth of big business • Lower production costs (assembly line) • Consumer goods available (mail order) • Advertising • National markets • Corporations

  12. Increased Immigration • Better opportunities • Religious freedom • Escape from oppressive government • adventure

  13. Contributions of Immigrants • Source of labor • Food • Language- new words • Customs • Religious diversity • Farming methods • Discrimination of Chinese and Irish

  14. How native-born Americans treated immigrants • Nativist movement (born in US is better) • Chinese Exclusion Act ( No Chinese allowed) • Gentleman’s Agreement with Japan ( No Japanese allowed) • Barriers to education and employment

  15. Name the state! • Pittsburgh *New Orleans • St. Louis *San Antonio • Chicago *Atlanta • Philadelphia *Detroit • Salt Lake City *San Francisco • Boston *Santa Fe • Seattle *Denver • Los Angeles

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