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Minoan Religion

Minoan Religion. Minoan Crete Map. Cave of Eileithyia. MM cult centers Baetyl Animal Bones Animal Figurines Bronze artifacts. Peak Shrines. Link to MM protopalatial elites through artifacts Linear A, Kamares Ware Ash layer, no bones Many figurines. Tripartite Shrine. Domestic Shrines.

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Minoan Religion

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  1. Minoan Religion

  2. Minoan Crete Map

  3. Cave of Eileithyia • MM cult centers • Baetyl • Animal Bones • Animal Figurines • Bronze artifacts

  4. Peak Shrines • Link to MM protopalatial elites through artifacts • Linear A, Kamares Ware • Ash layer, no bones • Many figurines

  5. Tripartite Shrine

  6. Domestic Shrines • Town, Palace, House • Bench Sanctuary • Lustral Baisin • Pillar Crypt

  7. Snake Goddess/Priestess

  8. Goddess of the MountainGoddess of the Beasts

  9. Goddesses

  10. Minoan Pantheon

  11. The Male Consort

  12. Male Divinity? • Male figures rarer • Usually smaller stature • Lesser Male Divinity? • Rural Matriarchy? • Urban Patriarchy?

  13. Ayia Triadha Sarcophagus:LMIIIA (14thC)Painted Plaster over Stone

  14. Celestial vs Chthonic Gods • “Chthon” = earth

  15. Sacrifice

  16. Human Sacrifice • Anemospilia • Near Archanes & Heraklion • Bound male on altar • 2 others killed in room by earthquake • 1 killed in anteroom with krater (of blood?)

  17. Child Sacrifice & Cannibalism? • Children’s bones with butchering marks in North House, Knossos • Caravaggio

  18. Child Sacrifice in Myth? ?

  19. Theseus & the Minotaur • Athenians send human tribute to bull crazy Minoans • Palace at Knossos like Labyrinth to simpler Mycenaean Greeks

  20. The Labyrinthine Palace • Note dismembered bodies

  21. Miraculous Conception/Birth Aegeus/Poseidon Hiding of/Threat to Child Troezen, with Aethra Medea? Society’s Desire for Change No more sacrifice! Withdrawal & Initiation Ummmm Resistance of Hero Role Ummm Search for Lost Father Trip to Athens Quest Killing Minotaur Magical Tools/Weapons Club, thread, sword Impossible Adversaries Numerous Journey to Underworld Rape of Persephone Return (in Disguise) to Save Beloved Ummmm Hero Story

  22. Early Exploits • Father’s Tokens • Heroic Journey • Periphetes’ Club • Crommyonian Sow • Sinis & tree • Sciron’s turtle • Procrustes’ bed • Daughters? • Herculean hero

  23. Aegeus, Medea, & Theseus • Medea the Colchian witch • Murderer of brother & children by Jason • Marathonian Bull

  24. Marathonian/Cretan Bull • Brought to Greece as one of 12 labors of Herakles… • Bull of Poseidon • Pasiphae & Bull • Minotaur’s father! • Good Credentials for facing Minotaur

  25. Revenge of Minos • Androgeos at Panathenaic games • Victorious Cretan murdered by envious Athenian athletes or by Aegeus • Athenian compensation: • 7 boys & 7 girls every 9 years

  26. Cretan “Games”

  27. Theseus’ trip to Crete • Theseus as 1 of 7 boys • White Sails for Success • Black/Red Sails for Failure (death of Theseus)

  28. Theseus’ edge: Inside Woman

  29. Victory! • Theseus slays Minotaur • Theseus & Ariadne sail off into the sunset…

  30. Homeymoon on Naxos

  31. Dionysus to the Rescue • Dionysus finds Ariadne • They drink happily ever after…

  32. Theseus sails home to celebrate victory…& freedom • Aegeus watches for beloved son • Ooops - black sails • Aegeus leaps to death • Oh well, Theseus becomes king of Athens

  33. Theseus & Herakles: Fratboy Heroes • Herakles’ 12 labors • Girdle of Hippolyte • Theseus & Pirithous carry off Antiope/Hippolyte

  34. Amazon Invasion of Attica • Amazons defeated, Antiope slain fighting beside Theseus • Amazonomachy artform comparable to contemporary Miller Lite commercial “tastes great; less filling”

  35. Theseus, Phaedra & Hippolytus • Child of Antiope • Stepmother Phaedra • False accusation of rape • Bull from Poseidon causes death of Hipploytus in chariot crash • Phaedra hangs herself

  36. More bad behavior • Theseus abducts 12 year old Helen • Theseus & Pirithous go to underworld to abduct Persephone • Trapped in Chair of Oblivion • Rescued by Herakles

  37. Death of Theseus • Helen rescued by her brothers, the Dioscuri: Castor and Polydeuces (Pollux) • Theseus in exile • Murdered/fell of a cliff

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