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The Trait Approach

The Trait Approach. DO NOT look at your slip of paper, keep it face down, wait until you are given a piece of tape and then tape the slip of paper to your forehead

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The Trait Approach

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  1. The Trait Approach

  2. DO NOT look at your slip of paper, keep it face down, wait until you are given a piece of tape and then tape the slip of paper to your forehead We will be playing Guess Who with personality traits, you will walk around the classroom and ask questions about your personality trait to try and figure out your trait, you MAY NOT ask ‘what is my trait?’

  3. Trait Approach • Personality: is the patterns of feelings, motives, and behaviors that set people apart from one another • Trait: is an aspect of personality that is stable • Shy, funny, sociable • Trait theorists believe that traits are fixed and unchanging

  4. Hippocrates • The Greek physician believed that the body contains fluids called humors, the balance of these humors is what determines personality • Yellow Bile: quick tempered • Blood: warm, cheerful • Phlegm: sluggish, cool • Black Bile: thoughtful

  5. Gordon Allport • During the 1930s he conducted thorough studies on of individuals, noting each of their traits • He comprised a list of over 18,000 traits • Believed traits are the building block of a personality, they are fixed, and the mixture of these traits result in an individual’s behavior

  6. Hans J. Eysenck • His theories were based upon the relationships between introversion-extroversion and emotional stability-instability

  7. Emotionally Stable Extroverted Introverted Emotionally Unstable

  8. Five-Factor Model

  9. The “Big-5” • Extraversion: First reverse the numbers placed in front of items 6, 21, and 31 (1 = 5, 2 = 4, 3 = 3, 4 = 2, 5 = 1), then add all the numbers for 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, and 36. • Scores can range from 8 to 40, with higher scores reflecting greater extraversion. • Agreeableness: First reverse the numbers placed in front of items 2, 12, 27, and 37 (1 = 5, 2 = 4, 3 = 3, 4 = 2, 5 = 1), then add all the numbers for 2, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32, 37, and 42. • Scores can range from 9 to 45, with higher scores reflecting greater agreeableness. • Conscientiousness: First reverse the numbers placed in front of items 8, 18, 23, and 43 (1 = 5, 2 = 4, 3 = 3, 4 = 2, 5 = 1), then add all the numbers for 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, and 43. • Scores can range from 9 to 45 with higher scores reflecting greater conscientiousness. • Neuroticism: First reverse the numbers placed in front of items 9, 24, and 34 (1 = 5, 2 = 4, 3 = 3, 4 = 2, 5 = 1), then add all the numbers for 4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, 34, and 39. • Scores can range from 8 to 40, with higher scores reflecting greater neuroticism. • Openness: First reverse the numbers placed in front of items 35 and 41 (1 = 5, 2 = 4, 3 = 3, 4 = 2, 5 = 1), then add all the numbers for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 41, and 44. • Scores can range from 10 to 50, with higher scores reflecting greater openness.

  10. Reflection Evaluate the Trait Approach, what are some of the strengths and weaknesses of this approach in explaining personality? For ideas you can refer to textbook page 395. • Please write you evaluation of the back of handout 15-13, I will be collecting it.

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