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Building Frame

Workshop 4 Beam Modeling. Building Frame. 4. Beam Modeling Building Frame. Determine the deflections and stresses in a building frame due to gravity and a "snow load" of 0.25 psi. Given: A database file containing the geometry with material properties defined.

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Building Frame

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  1. Workshop 4 Beam Modeling Building Frame

  2. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame • Determine the deflections and stresses in a building frame due to gravity and a "snow load" of 0.25 psi. • Given: A database file containing the geometry with material properties defined. October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-2

  3. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 1. Enter ANSYS in the working directory specified by your instructor using “bldg” as the jobname. 2. Resume the “bldg-geom.db1” database file, then plot lines to see the complete geometry. October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-3

  4. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 3. Define three I-beam sections and one box-beam section, then save the database. • Main Menu > Preprocessor > Sections > -Beam- Common Sectns .. • ID = 1, Name = column, Sub-Type = I • W1 = 12, W2 = 12, W3 = 12.12, t1 = 0.605, t2 = 0.605, t3 = 0.39 • [Apply] • ID = 2, Name = girder, Sub-Type = I • W1 = 10.425, W2 = 10.425, W3 = 16.97, t1 = 0.985, t2 = 0.985, t3 = 0.585 • [Apply] • ID = 3, Name = beam, Sub-Type = I • W1 = 6.535, W2 = 6.535, W3 = 8.06, t1 = 0.465, t2 = 0.465, t3 = 0.285 • [Apply] • ID = 4, Name = peak, Sub-Type =  (hollow rectangle) • W1 = 6, W2 = 6, t1 = 0.25, t2 = 0.25, t3 = 0.25, t4 = 0.25 • [OK] • Toolbar > SAVE_DB October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-4

  5. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 3. (cont'd) • Or issue: • /PREP7 • SECTYPE,1,BEAM,I,COLUMN • SECDATA,12,12,12.12,.605,.605,.39 • SECTYPE,2,BEAM,I,GIRDER • SECDATA,10.425,10.425,16.97,.985,.985,.585 • SECTYPE,3,BEAM,I,BEAM • SECDATA,6.535,6.535,8.06,.465,.465,.285 • SECTYPE,4,BEAM,HREC,PEAK • SECDATA,6,6,.25,.25,.25,.25,0,0,0,0 • SAVE October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-5

  6. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 4. Mesh the vertical lines with "column" beams. • Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cartesian • Utility Menu > Select > Entities... • Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0, 119 • From Full, [Apply], [Plot] • Main Menu > Preprocessor > MeshTool … • Element Attributes: set to [Lines] and press [Set] • [Pick All] • MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 1, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] • Enter 102 in the Input Window for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] • Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] • [Pick All] • NDIV = 4, then [OK] • Mesh: set to [Lines] and press [Mesh] • [Pick All] • Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Size and Shape ... • /ESHAPE = ON • [OK] October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-6

  7. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 4. (cont'd) • Or issue: • CSYS,0 • LSEL,S,LOC,Z,0,119 • LATT,1,,1,,102,,1 • LESIZE,ALL,,,4 • LMESH,ALL • /ESHAPE,1 • EPLOT October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-7

  8. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 5. Mesh the horizontal lines with "girder" beams. • Select Entities: • Choose Lines, By Location, Y Coordinates; Min, Max = 480 • From Full, [Apply], [Plot] • Min, Max = 240 • Also Select, [Apply], [Replot] • Min, Max = 0 • Also Select, [Apply], [Replot] • Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 0,119 • Unselect, [Apply], [Replot] • MeshTool: • Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] • [Pick All] • MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 2, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] • Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] • Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] • [Pick All] • NDIV = 6, then [OK] • Press [Mesh] • [Pick All] October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-8

  9. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 5. (cont'd) • Or issue: • LSEL,S,LOC,Y,480 • LSEL,A,LOC,Y,240 • LSEL,A,LOC,Y,0 • LSEL,U,LOC,Z,0,119 • LATT,1,,1,,101,,2 • LESIZE,ALL,,,6 • LMESH,ALL October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-9

  10. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 6. Mesh the sloping lines with "peak" beams. • Select Entities: • Choose Lines, By Location, Z Coordinates; Min, Max = 121, 165 • From Full, [Apply], [Plot] • MeshTool: • Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] • [Pick All] • MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 4, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] • Enter 103 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] • Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] • [Pick All] • NDIV = 4, then [OK] • Press [Mesh] • [Pick All] • Or issue: • LSEL,S,LOC,Z,121,165 • LATT,1,,1,,103,,4 • LESIZE,ALL,,,4 • LMESH,ALL October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-10

  11. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 7. Mesh the remaining lines with "beam" beams. • Select Entities: • Choose Lines, By Attributes, Section ID num; Min, Max = 1,4 • From Full, [Apply], [Invert], [Plot] • MeshTool: • Element Attributes: [Lines]: press [Set] • [Pick All] • MAT = 1, TYPE = 1, SECT = 3, Pick Orientation keypoints = Yes, [OK] • Enter 101 for orientation keypoint and press the Enter key, then [OK] • Size Controls: Lines: press [Set] • [Pick All] • NDIV = 6, then [OK] • Press [Mesh] • [Pick All] • Or issue: • LSEL,S,SEC,,1,4 • LSEL,INVE • LATT,1,,1,,101,,3 • LESIZE,ALL,,,6 • LMESH,ALL October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-11

  12. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 8. Mesh the roof areas with shell elements. • MeshTool: • Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set] • TYPE = 2, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section" • [OK] • Mesh: set to [Areas] • Shape: set to "Quad" and "Free" • Press [Mesh] • [Pick All] • Or issue: • TYPE,2 • SECNUM,0 • AMESH,ALL October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-12

  13. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 9. Coat the roof elements with surface effect elements. • Select Entities: • Choose Elements, By Elem Name, 93 • From Full, [Apply], [Plot] • Choose Nodes, Attached to Elements • From Full, [Apply], [Plot] • MeshTool: • Element Attributes: set to [Global]: press [Set] • TYPE = 3, MAT = 1, ESYS = 0, SECNUM = "No Section" • [OK] • Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > Elements > -Surf / Contact- Surf Effect > -Generl Surface- No extra Node + • [Pick All] • Or issue: • ESEL,S,ENAME,,93 • NSLE,S • TYPE,3 • ESURF,ALL October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-13

  14. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 10. Fix the base nodes (the nodes at Z=0) in all directions. 11. Load step 1: Apply gravity loading in the Z-direction. • Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Gravity … • ACELZ = 386 • [OK] • Or issue: • ACEL,,,386 12. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 1. October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-14

  15. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 13. Load step 2: Apply the pressure load on all surface effect elements. • Select Entities: • Choose Elements, By Attributes, Elem type num; Min, Max = 3 • From Full, [Apply], [Plot] • Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > Pressure > On Elements + • [Pick All] • LKEY = 5 • VALUE = 0.25 • VAL2, VAL3, VAL4 = 0, 0, -1 • [OK] • Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Symbols … • /PBC = All Applied BC's • /PSF = Pressures • Show pres and convect as Arrows • [OK] • Or issue: • ESEL,S,TYPE,,3 • SFE,ALL,5,PRES,,0.25,0,0,-1 • /PSF,PRES,,2 • EPLOT October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-15

  16. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 14. Select everything, save the database, and solve load step 2. 15. Enter POST1 (General Postprocessor) and read results for load step 1 (first set). 16. Unselect the shell and surface effect elements (types 2 & 3) and plot the deformed shape. October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-16

  17. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 17. Read results for load step 2 (next set) and plot the deformed shape. If desired, animate the deformed shape. October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-17

  18. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 18. Reselect elements with Section ID = 1 (columns) and plot SX stresses (i.e., axial + bending stresses). 19. For clarity, turn off element outlines. • Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Edge Options … • /GLINE = None • /REPLOT = Replot • [OK] • Or issue: • /GLINE,,-1 • /REPLOT October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-18

  19. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 20. Plot SX stresses for the "girder" beams (section ID = 2). October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-19

  20. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 21. Plot SX stresses for the "beam" beams (section ID = 3). October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-20

  21. 4. Beam ModelingBuilding Frame 22. Plot SX stresses for the "peak" beams (section ID = 4). 23. Finally, exit ANSYS without saving anything. October 30, 2001 Inventory #001572 W4-21

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