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History of Atomic Structure

History of Atomic Structure. How long have people been interested in understanding matter and its structure? Thousands of years Hundreds of years A few years Never. Democritus. 460 BC Derived at idea of “ Atomos ” (smallest particles). Observations and inferences. Aristotle.

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History of Atomic Structure

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  1. History of Atomic Structure

  2. How long have people been interested in understanding matter and its structure? • Thousands of years • Hundreds of years • A few years • Never

  3. Democritus 460 BC Derived at idea of “Atomos” (smallest particles). Observations and inferences

  4. Aristotle Same time period. Earth, Water, Air, and Fire. Denounced the idea of “Atomos” Observations and inferences

  5. Alchemists Middle ages. Worked on turning ordinary materials into gold. Derived modern chemistry.

  6. John Dalton 1800 in England Proposed the idea of atoms Built on three theories: Law of definite composition Law of conservation of mass Law of multiple proportions

  7. All matter is made of indivisible & indestructible atoms. • Atoms of a given element are identical in their physical and chemical properties. • Atoms of different elements are different. • Atoms of different elements combine in whole number ratios to form compounds. • Atoms follow the conservation of matter theory. Dalton's Atomic Theory.

  8. His model was the small sphere.

  9. J. J. Thompson 1897 Neutral atom Cathode Ray Tube Found the electron!!

  10. Cathode Ray Tube

  11. Plum Pudding Model

  12. Ernest Rutherford 1911 Gold Foil experiment Internet

  13. What the gold foil proved.

  14. Rutherford's Model Electrons traveled around the nucleus like solar system. In 1919 he identified the proton.

  15. NielsBohr 1912 Electrons orbits NRG levels Ground State Excited State Spectrums

  16. James Chadwick 1932 Neutron Isotopes

  17. Electron Cloud Model Electrons in random orbits. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Electrons travel so fast, they appear to form a “cloud” around the nucleus.

  18. Historical Models of the Atom

  19. How Atoms Differ APEMAN ISOTOPES ELECTRON LOCATION

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