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Atomic Structure- History

Atomic Structure- History. Philosophers and Scientists. Know how the following contributed to the history of the atom: Philosophers from History of the Atom video Empedicles - four “elements” – earth, water, fire, air.

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Atomic Structure- History

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  1. Atomic Structure- History

  2. Philosophers and Scientists • Know how the following contributed to the history of the atom: Philosophers from History of the Atom video • Empedicles - four “elements” – earth, water, fire, air. • Leucippus - the first Greek to develop the theory of atomism — the idea that everything is composed entirely of various imperishable, indivisible elements called atoms • Aristotle - five elements – earth, air, fire, water, and aether

  3. Next week

  4. Modern Day scientists • Dalton • atoms could not be divided • all elements of a given element are the same • different atoms could join to form compounds • Thomson • the plum pudding model • negatively-charged "plums” surrounded by positively-charged "pudding” • Rutherford http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/ruther14.swf • atom is made up of a central charge surrounded by a cloud of orbiting electrons • Bohr • electrons are in levels around the nucleus

  5. Structure of the Atom

  6. The Nucleus

  7. A 1946 test of an atomic bomb in the lagoon at Bikini atoll. The explosion has just started; surplus ships moored nearby can still be seen.

  8. http://video.google.com/videosearch?sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4SUNA_enUS316US316&q=atomic%20bomb&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=iv#http://video.google.com/videosearch?sourceid=navclient&rlz=1T4SUNA_enUS316US316&q=atomic%20bomb&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=iv# http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bw85r24WW3s

  9. The nucleus • the center of the atom composed of protons and neutrons • held together by four forces (electromagnetic, strong , weak, and gravity) • 99.9% of the atom’s mass is here • about 100,000 times smaller than the entire atom • the atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus • the atomic mass or mass number of an atom is the sum of the protons and neutrons

  10. Isotopes • atoms with the same number of protons (and therefore the same element) but with a different number of neutrons.

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