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Gas Law Calculations

Gas Law Calculations. Boyle’s Law PV = k. Charles’ Law V T. = k. P and V change n, R, T are constant. Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT. T and V change P, n, R are constant. P, V, and T change n and R are constant. Combined Gas Law PV T. = k.

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Gas Law Calculations

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  1. Gas Law Calculations Boyle’s Law PV = k Charles’ Law V T = k P and V change n, R, T are constant Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT T and V change P, n, R are constant P, V, and T change n and R are constant Combined Gas Law PV T = k

  2. Avogadro’s Law Bernoulli’s Principle Boyle’s Law Add or remove gas Fast moving fluids… create low pressure P1V1 = P2V2 Manometer Charles’ Law Combined V1 = V2 T1 = T2 P1V1 = P2V2 Big = small + height T1 = T2 Graham’s Law Gay-Lussac Density P1 = P2 T1 = T2 P1 = P2 diffusion vs. effusion T1D1 = T2D2 Gas Law Calculations Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT Dalton’s Law Partial Pressures PT = PA + PB 1 atm = 760 mm Hg = 101.3 kPa R = 0.0821 L atm / mol K

  3. History of ScienceGas Laws Gay-Lussac’s law Dalton announces his atomic theory Avagadro’s particle Number theory Boyle’s law Charles’s law 1650 1700 1750 1800 1850 Constitution of the United States signed Mogul empire in India (1526-1707) U.S. Congress bans importation of slaves United States Bill of Rights ratified Napoleon is emperor(1804- 12) Latin American countries gain independence (1791- 1824) Haiti declares independence Herron, Frank, Sarquis, Sarquis, Schrader, Kulka, Chemistry, Heath Publishing,1996, page 220

  4. Scientists • Evangelista Torricelli(1608-1647) • Published first scientific explanation of a vacuum. • Invented mercury barometer. • Robert Boyle(1627- 1691) • Volume inversely related to pressure (temperature remains constant) • Jacques Charles(1746 -1823) • Volume directly related to temperature (pressure remains constant) • Joseph Gay-Lussac(1778-1850) • Pressure directly related to temperature (volume remains constant)

  5. Eggsplosion Gas Demonstrations Gas:  Demonstrations Effect of Temperature on Volume of a Gas VIDEO Effect of Temperature on Volume of a Gas VIDEO Air Pressure Crushes a Popcan VIDEO Air Pressure Crushes a Popcan VIDEO Gas:  Demonstrations Air Pressure Inside a Balloon (Needle through a balloon) VIDEO Air Pressure Inside a Balloon (Needle through a balloon) VIDEO Effect of Pressure on Volume (Shaving Creme in a Belljar) VIDEO Effect of Pressure on Volume (Shaving Creme in a Belljar) VIDEO http://www.unit5.org/chemistry/GasLaws.html

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