Tomislav Skračić, MA Undergraduate English Course for MARI NE ENGINEERS 2nd Semester

1. Tomislav Skračić, MAUndergraduate English Course forMARINE ENGINEERS2nd Semester Essential reading: SPINČIĆ, A., An English Textbook For Marine Engineers I., Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2008. LUZER, J., SPINČIĆ, A., Gramatička vježbenica engleskog jezika za pomorce, Pomorski fakultet, Rijeka 2003.

2. KEY WORDS watertube boiler - vodocijevi kotao firetube boiler - vatrocijevni kotao curcuit of the boiler - kotlovni krug descending body of water - spuštajuća količina vode ascending - uzdižući circulating tube - protočna cijev screened - zaštićen generating tube - isparna cijev casing (n.) - kućište downcomer (n.) - silazna cijev displace (v.) - istisnuti WATERTUBE BOILER – Classification

3. KEY WORDS main boiler - glavni kotao donkey boiler - pomoćni kotao distilling plant - postrojenje za pripremu pitke vode low-pressure boiler - niskotlačni kotao intermediate-pressure b. - srednjetlačni kotao high-pressure boiler - visokotlačni kotao inclination (n.) - nagib single-flow boiler - kotao s jednostrukom dimnom komorom double-flow boiler - kotao s dvostrukom dimnom komorom WATERTUBE BOILER – Classification

4. WATERTUBE BOILER – How it works

5. Watertube boilers can be grouped according to: • Water circulation • Application on board ship • Steam pressure they generate • Etc. WATERTUBE BOILER – Classification

6. Water circulation: • According to water circulation, boilers can be grouped into boilers featuring • a) natural water circulation, or • b) forced water circulation • Employment of boilers aboard ships: • By their application on board ships, boilers are classified as main boilers or donkey boilers. • Main boilers generate steam for the main engine that drives the propeller and for auxiliary duties. • Donkey boilers are mainly used on diesel-driven ships to supply steam for driving steam pumps and turbo- generators, for oil heating, water heating, space heating, galley and laundry...

7. Pressure: • According to steam pressure they generate, boilers can be classed as low, intermediate and high-pressure boilers. • Low-pressure boilers (up to 30 bar) • Intermediate boilers (from 30 to 70 bar) • High-pressure boilers (up to 145 bar) • Watertube boilers may also be classed according to: • Number of drums (single-drum, two-drum and three- drum boilers) • Tube inclination (horizontal and vertical) • Arrangement of gas flow (single-flow and double-flow boilers)

8. What basic difference is there between a firetube and a watertube boiler? • What characteristics enable boiler classification? • How can boilers be grouped according to water circulation? • What are generating tubes? • What are downcomers and what do they provide? • How is forced circulation achieved? • What difference is there between a main and a donkey boiler? QUESTIONS

9. Example: The economiser heats the feed water. • The feed water is heated by the economiser. • Boilers generate steam for the main and auxiliary engines. • Shipbuilders have built many ships with diesel-electric drive. • Designers will estimate the power of the engine. • The pump is drawing make-up water from the tank. • Engineers can reverse the engine. • Merchant vessels did not use nuclear power. • An electric-power unit will propel all types of ships. • The main engine drives the propellers. EXERCISE 1 – Turn the following sentences into the Passive:

10. Vođa stroja je otišao na palubu da popravi sidreno vitlo. • Brod vozi smanjenom brzinom da spriječi (prevent) pregrijavanje (overheating) motora. • Da bi se spriječilo pregrijavanje, potrebno je rashladiti motor. • Brod je vozio svom snagom kako bi što prije stigao u luku spasa (port of refuge). • Dat ćemo sve od sebe da popravimo oštećenu osovinu. • Zrak se tlači u cilindrima da bi se ubrizgano gorivo upalilo. EXERCISE 2 – Translate the following sentences into English using in order to + infinitive or only to + infinitive

11. EXAMPLE: • The engine could not be run after the collision because the crankshaft was heavily bent. • The engine could not ve run after the collision due to heavy bending og the crankshaft. • In port the vessel manoeuvred with assistance of two tugs because the engine lost power. • The valves did not open because the rocker gear did not function properly. • Thermal problems occurred as the exhaust valves were not sufficiently cooled. EXERCISE 3 – Rearrange the clauses using due to + noun

12. EXAMPLE: • The engine could not be run after the collision because the crankshaft was heavily bent. • The engine could not ve run after the collision due to heavy bending og the crankshaft. • The relief valve opened because the pressure in No. 1 cylinder suddenly increased. • The friction in the bearing surface increased because the lubricant was wrongly chosen. • The engineer on duty stopped the engine as compression was greatly reduced. EXERCISE 3 – Rearrange the clauses using due to + noun