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History and Perspectives of Internet Development in Russia

History and Perspectives of Internet Development in Russia. By Andrey Kuprianov. Historical Background. Breakdown of Soviet Union (USSR) in 1991 Hyperinflation (over 2,000%) Closed country, suddenly became open. Historical Background (cont.) . No computer or information technology capacity

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History and Perspectives of Internet Development in Russia

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  1. History and Perspectives of Internet Development in Russia By Andrey Kuprianov

  2. Historical Background • Breakdown of Soviet Union (USSR) in 1991 • Hyperinflation (over 2,000%) • Closed country, suddenly became open

  3. Historical Background (cont.) • No computer or information technology capacity • No good telecommunications • No market of potential users • However - strong body of programmers

  4. Stages of Internet Development • Initial, or pre-Internet (1991-1993) • Central region spread (1994-1995) – Moscow and St. Petersburg • Country-wide spread (1996-2005) • Average lag between countries with developed Internet is 3-5 years

  5. Initial Stage • Registration of .SU (Sep, 1990) 1st level domain • Limited access to EUNet • Most popular - FIDO net (BBS) • Basic information • Email • File archive access • Mostly centralized in banks, financial companies and universities

  6. Central Region Spread • Milestone for present Internet in Russia • Registration of .RU (Apr, 1994) • Permanent access to EUNet • Lack of good communication lines ensured heavy reliance on satellite links (except in Moscow and St.Petersburg)

  7. Central Region Spread (cont.) • First internet services • Attempts to create academic and training networks

  8. Current stage: Country-wide spread • Moscow - Khabarovsk Trans-Siberian Radio Relay Communication Channel construction (1996) • Later replaced with fiber optics (1999) • Starting from year 1996, Russian Internet displays a quick burst of emerging services

  9. Current Stage (cont.) • First search engine ( www.rambler.ru ) • First internet-café in Russia named “Tetris” (St. Petersburg) • First free e-mail service • First online museum • First real-time broadcasting of radio • First online shopping, advertisement agency, an political web-sites • First public sue of a Russian hacker 

  10. Current Stage (cont.) • Development stage • Growth of internet users higher that the growth of services • Currently, all kinds of services are available • ADSL is gradually replacing dial-up access • Prices start from 15$/month (www.stream.ru ) – affordable • Current access through DSL and fiber-optics exceeded the dial-up access (as of 2003)

  11. User Statistics • Currently over 20 million internet users • Forecasted to be around 30 million by 2010

  12. User Statistics (cont.) • Currently near 10% of the total population of Russia use Internet • Indicates that Internet is becoming a mass event • However, income of people is far from what’s needed: • Income - 100$/month an up • Computer cost – 700$ and up.

  13. User Statistics (cont.)

  14. User Statistics (cont.) • Internet is mostly used in the offices and homes

  15. Domain Statistics • .RU is a preferred 1st level domain for Russian subscribers (over 97% of them) • Then .SU, .COM, .NET and others • Totally over 380,000 domain registrations as of Aug, 2005 ( http://stat.nic.ru )

  16. Domain Statistics (cont.) • Hosting services on the Internet became available only in the year 2000 • Domain registrations in Moscow and St. Petersburg are declining • Other regions are actively participating in the process

  17. Domain Statistics (cont.)

  18. Domain Statistics (cont.) • Internet in Russia is relatively young and so are it users

  19. Mobile Internet • 70% of mobile users are located in Moscow and St. Petersburg • Total mobile “population” is slightly over 20 millions of people • Costs of mobile connectivity are affordable • Weird thing: some providers still charge incoming calls

  20. Mobile Internet • However, somewhat large percent of people are willing to use mobile Internet

  21. Thank you

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