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Making Fertilisers. Making fertilisers. Ammonia (alkaline) and nitric acid react together in a neutralisation reaction The fertiliser ammonium nitrate is produced. Making Fertilisers. Making fertilisers. Neutralisation. Making fertilisers. The Haber Process. The Haber Process.
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Making Fertilisers Making fertilisers • Ammonia (alkaline) and nitric acid react together in a neutralisation reaction • The fertiliser ammonium nitrate is produced
Making Fertilisers Making fertilisers
Neutralisation Making fertilisers
The Haber Process The Haber Process • Ammonia is made in the Haber process • The raw materials are nitrogen (from the air) and hydrogen (from natural gas) • The conditions needed are; • high temperatures (about 4500) • high pressures (200 atm). • iron catalyst
The Haber Process The Haber Process
The Haber Process The Haber Process
Reversible reactions Reversible reactions • The Haber process reaction is reversible • This means that the product (ammonia) can break down again into the reactants (nitrogen and hydrogen)
Reversible reaction Reversible reaction
Equilibrium Equilibrium • For a reversible reaction in a closed system, an equilibrium is reached where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction • The amount of reactants and products in the equilibrium depends on the conditions • The equilibrium will move to reduce any changes in the reaction
Equilibrium Equilibrium
Low temperature Low temperature
High temperature Hign temperature
Making Nitric acid Making nitric acid • Ammonia reacts with oxygen in the air in the presence of a hot platinum catalyst to produce nitrogen monoxide • The nitrogen monoxide reacts with water and more oxygen to produce nitric acid
Making Nitric Acid Making nitric acid
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