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James Danforth Quayle

James Danforth Quayle . Wikipedia – Dan Quayle entry. ………..“Contributing greatly to the perception of Quayle's incompetence was his tendency to make public statements which were either Self-contradictory "We don't want to go back to tomorrow, we want to go forward“ Obvious

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James Danforth Quayle

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  1. James Danforth Quayle

  2. Wikipedia – Dan Quayle entry ………..“Contributing greatly to the perception of Quayle's incompetence was his tendency to make public statements which were either Self-contradictory "We don't want to go back to tomorrow, we want to go forward“ Obvious "For NASA, space is still a high priority“ Geographically wrong “I love California. I practically grew up in Phoenix." Fallacious “It's time for the human race to enter the solar system" Or painfully confused and inappropriate, as when he addressed the United Negro College Fund, whose slogan is "A mind is a terrible thing to waste," and said "You take the United Negro College Fund model that what a waste it is to lose one's mind or not to have a mind is being very wasteful. How true that is."

  3. The Rehabilitation of Dan Quayle Prediction is very difficult, especially about the future Niels Bohr (1885 - 1962) The future will be better tomorrow Dan Quayle (1947 -

  4. Electronic Publishing Pratt Library School Univ College London Chris Beckett VP Sales and Marketing Atypon Leader in the Provision of E-publishing Solutions www.atypon.com

  5. Agenda • The perils of prediction • What is e-content hosting and how does it fit into the publishing landscape? • What do companies like Atypon do • Understanding technical aspects of hosting • How readers navigate to content • Information overload today • Morphing content • The Scale challenge

  6. Future Trends Leader in the Provision of E-publishing Solutions www.atypon.com

  7. The Perils of Prediction Electronic publishing • ……Paper can be replaced as the storage and transport mechanism. We can move to electronic publishing and distribution of journals, newsletters, indexes, bibliographies, and so forth. This transition will increase the speed and lower the cost of dissemination. …… • The journey from electronic publishing to multi-media publishing is short. Journal articles of the future could include audio and video clips when they are appropriate for the situation. Management Information Systems Quarterly Vol 18, No. 3, September, 1994Creating and Sustaining Global Community of ScholarsRichard Watson

  8. Capabilities and the need to invest • http://www.misq.org/

  9. Multimedia capabilities University of Chicago press site • http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/343751 Annual Reviews site • http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/suppl/10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142647

  10. What is required to achieve the potential of electronic publishing? INVESTMENT How Much?

  11. Open Journal Systems (OJS) • “$400,000 U.S….. is enough to purchase hosting and support services, using Open Journal Systems , for 785 journals! • $509 U.S. per year • Heather Morrison The Imaginary Journal of Poetic Economics Thursday, January 25, 2007 Stop fighting the inevitable - and free funds for OA!

  12. International Consortium for theAdvancement of Academic Publications • Journal creation from $3,600 Cdn (about $3,000 US; ongoing journal hosting, maintenance and conversion from 1,840 Cdn per year (about $1,500 U.S) • $1500 per year

  13. The Aggregators • MetaPress, Ingenta Connect, Atypon Link • Probably in the area of $2,000-$5,000 per year per title • May include a percentage of any ecommerce revenues • Share a single platform • Share functionality • Limited bespoke capabilities at this price point.

  14. The customised builders • HighWire, Scitation (AIP), Atypon, MetaPress • Pricing more mysterious • In the case of Atypon at least based on a combination of functional complexity and amount of content. • Possible with any of these to spend $500k-$1m a year on a site and it might only have one title

  15. So why the disparity ? $500 - $500k? Capabilities and scalability

  16. CAPABILITIES

  17. What is the electronic content partner offering? Providing sophisticated and flexible e-publishing solutions • Widen readership • Create new business models • Grow revenue • Take control of your content • Interact with the reader more effectively

  18. Print vs. Electronic Publishing • E-publishing provides an entirely new set of challenges and opportunities when compared to print publishing: • No physical storage required in library • No postage or shipping • No constraints on issue size or how articles are “packaged” • Users can access from anywhere (no need to visit library) • Many users can access simultaneously • Content is easier to find due to wide metadata distribution • Creates richer, faster research environment (e.g. easy to follow both forward and backward references/citations to other content) • Tech maintenance, changes to production process, archiving responsibilities, new skill sets required for staff, costs, changes to library processes Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  19. What is a hosting “platform”? • The core online system upon which hosting features are built • Hardware and software • Differentiated by: • Integration with production systems, • types of content supported • features offered beyond just basic content access Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  20. Example platforms • Wiley InterScience (home grown) • Elsevier ScienceDirect (home grown) • Blackwell Synergy (Atypon) • SpringerLink (MetaPress) • OECD (Ingenta) • OUP Journals (HighWire) • New England Journal of Medicine (HighWire – moving to Atypon)

  21. Services Offered by Hosting Providers • Processing of e-content metadata and full text • Normalization & validation • Reference parsing & link generation • Metadata distribution to 3rd parties • Content indexing • Browse and search user interfaces • Access website design, customization, and branding • Access control and license management Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  22. Services Offered by Hosting Providers…. • Online sales of subscriptions and individual content objects • Articles; Figures; Chapters, Chapter Sections; books; video • Reports: usage, accounting, sales • Online package management, online subscriber management • Marketing features, such as subscriber messaging and RSS feeds • Subscriber (library) features, such as authentication, linking, alerting, and usage reporting Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  23. Management Tools • On the desktop • Real Time • Control of • Business models; the matching of content bundles, and user and contracts • Look and feel • Content • Loading • Marketing

  24. Model differences – Off the peg vs. BespokeVanilla vs. Tutti Frutti • The platforms • Atypon Link; Ingenta Connect; MetaPress; HighWire(?) • The bespoke builders • Atypon, HighWire, Scitation, MetaPress (?); Ingenta(?)

  25. Some examples….. • www.ingenta.com • www.metapress.com • www.springerlink.com • www.atypon-link.com • http://highwire.stanford.edu/ • http://content.nejm.org/ • http://www.annualreviews.org/ • http://www.cfapubs.org/ • http://www.aluka.org/

  26. Processing Digital Content • The publisher’s production process produces metadata and full text files, which are transmitted to the hosting provider: • Files are produced in standard formats that the hosting provider can process:#Metadata: SGML, XML, etc. • Full text: PDF, HTML, TeX, MathML, etc. • There is a great deal of variation in the specific metadata fields provided by the publisher and how those fields are processed by the hosting provider, requiring a high level of integration between the publisher’s production process and the hosting provider Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  27. Metadata • Metadata is all the information attributes that describe an article • Article title, author names, author affiliations, journal name, chronology / enumeration, abstract, subjects, keywords, etc. • NOT the full text • Most users discover content via metadata,so the richer the metadata provided, the more likely users will find the content • Trends: • Wider distribution of metadata (CrossRef, Google Scholar, etc.) • User-generated metadata (tagging, ratings, reviews, etc.) Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  28. Full Text • Full text refers to the entire contents of an e-journal article, including the actual text as well as images, graphs, tables, etc. • Adobe’s PDF format is the de facto standard full text format • Exactly duplicates the print journal, providing consistency • Self-contained (a single downloadable file, unlike HTML) • But easier to share with others in violation of license agreements • Trends: • Move towards FT XML in the production process allows for disaggregated product delivery. • Content-specific formats that provide richer media possibilities Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  29. Processing Digital Content • For content that is not “born digital”, such as historical backfiles, digitization of print is often necessary • Digitization can be performed by the publisher, by the hosting provider, or by a 3rdparty digitization service • Human-vs. computer-based digitization • Metadata and full text files are transferred regularly from the publisher (or their production provider) to the hosting provider: • Most transfers occur online, such as via FTP • Large “initial loads” may be delivered via physical media, such as DVDs • Speed of processing by the hosting provider is critical Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  30. Processing Digital Content- Production • Once metadata and full text files are in-house at the hosting provider, they must be processed into a form that allows online access: • Normalization and validation software transforms text files into records in the hosting platform’s content database • A metadata index is created for end user browsing and searching of metadata • A full text index is created for end user searching of full text content • Reference linking is enabled Slide courtesy of Gary Coker – MetaPress

  31. Processing Digital Content – Discoverability • Distribution of processed content to 3rd parties • Full text or metadata • Aggregators e.g. database vendors, e-content gateways ( a mix of FT and Metadata) • Search engines (e.g. Google) • Updates to subscribers’ access control records • Generation of alerts and RSS feeds to inform users of the contents’ availability • Creation and indexing according to taxonomies

  32. Discoverability – Recommended articles

  33. Discoverability – Recommended articles

  34. Marketing • Inclusion of an additional content • Supplementary data files, video, podcast • Provision of sophisticated business model support, beyond simple subscriptions in order to support non-institutional sales channels • Branding and site editing capabilities • Portal building capabilities. • E-commerce capabilities

  35. Marketing - Multimedia capabilities University of Chicago press site • http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/343751 Annual Reviews site • http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/suppl/10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142647

  36. Marketing - Multimedia capabilities

  37. Marketing - Multimedia capabilities

  38. Access Control & License Management • Access control ensures that only authorized users gain access to only the content to which they are entitled • Hosting providers provide support for a multitude of access control models, including support for free content and pay-per-view • User name and password • IP range • Shibboleth • Athens • Open Id • Integration with 3rdparty access control entities (subscription agents, libraries, ATHENS, etc.)

  39. How Readers Navigate to Content Simon Inger and Chris Beckett

  40. Gateways and Hosts Google or other search engine Subject A&I Primary Scholarly Content Web Gateway (Sub Agent, Ingenta, Portals) Library Web space

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