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Understanding Lateralization of Brain Functions

Explore why functions can be found in one hemisphere, its advantages, and disadvantages. Discover language lateralization, aphasia types, Wada test, and split-brain patients. Learn about emotional expressions and brain regions involved.

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Understanding Lateralization of Brain Functions

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  1. lateralization of function • function or behavior found in only one cerebral hemisphere • why might there be lateralization? • what are its advantages and disadvantages?

  2. left hemisphere analytical abilities quantitative skills language right hemisphere music spatial abilities artistic abilities emotions facial recognition lateralized behaviors

  3. Language • most well studied lateralized behavior • 95% of right handed have speech on left • 70% of left handed have speech on left aphasia – language deficit that cannot be attributed to motor, motivational, sensory or other explanations

  4. Broca’s Aphasia • characterized by broken halted speech, absence of prosody • comprehension – fairly good; ability to read – fairly good

  5. Wernicke’s aphasia • fluid aphasia, deficits appear to be in comprehension; words are nonsensical • comprehension – poor • reading ability - poor

  6. Wada test • injection of sodium amytal or sodium amobarbital – anesthetic • used to determine hemisphere important for speech

  7. Another way to study lateralized behaviors is via “split brain” patients • split brain surgery

  8. consequences of “split brain” • initially – • “Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind” • Julian Jaynes • subsequently – only can really tell by experimental manipulations in the lab

  9. Emotions • emotional facial expressions • evolutionary explanation

  10. Emotions • emotional facial expressions • evolutionary explanation • role of right hemisphere • recognition of emotion • display of emotions • chimera • brain damaged humans

  11. brain regions involved in emotion • limbic system- • components of limbic system- includes hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, olfactory bulbs, septum • sits within the temporal lobe • temporal lobe epilepsy

  12. Kluver Bucy Syndrome • Kluver Bucy syndrome • associated with temporal lobe damage characteristics:

  13. Kluver Bucy Syndrome • Kluver Bucy syndrome • associated with temporal lobe damage characteristics:1. extraordinary tameness

  14. Kluver Bucy Syndrome • Kluver Bucy syndrome • associated with temporal lobe damage characteristics:1. extraordinary tameness 2. lack of fear

  15. Kluver Bucy Syndrome • Kluver Bucy syndrome • associated with temporal lobe damage characteristics:1. extraordinary tameness 2. lack of fear 3. put anything in the mouth

  16. Kluver Bucy Syndrome • Kluver Bucy syndrome • associated with temporal lobe damage characteristics:1. extraordinary tameness 2. lack of fear 3. put anything in the mouth 4. mount anything

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