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Understanding the Basics of Plastic Materials and the IAPD Thermoplastics Rectangle. Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 2) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics, Inc. Definitions. Thermoplastic Thermoset. Types of Thermoplastics. Imidized materials Amorphous plastics
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Understanding the Basics of Plastic Materials and the IAPD Thermoplastics Rectangle Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 2) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics, Inc. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Definitions • Thermoplastic • Thermoset The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Types of Thermoplastics • Imidized materials • Amorphous plastics • High performance • Engineering • Commodity • Semi-crystalline plastics • High performance • Engineering • Commodity The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous vs. CrystallineThermoplastics • Amorphous (a-morphous = without shape) - The polymer chains are in random arrangement. Molecular structure is incapable of forming regular order (crystallizing) with molecules or portions of molecules regularly stacked in crystal-like fashion. Molecular arrangement is randomly twisted, kinked and coiled. • Crystalline - The polymer chains form a regular pattern. Molecular structure forms regular order (crystals) with molecules or portions of molecules regularly stacked in crystal-like fashion. Molecular arrangement is arranged in an ordered fashion. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous Commodity ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Low cost, temperature resistance and strength • Good dimensional stability • Bonds well • Typically, but not always, transparent The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous Commodity ThermoplasticsMaterials • Acrylic (PMMA) • Polystyrene (PS) • Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Styrene (ABS) • Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) • Polyethylene Terepthalate Glycol (PETG) • Cellulose Acetate Butyrate (CAB) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous Engineering ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Moderate cost • Moderate temperature resistance • Moderate strength • Good to excellent impact resistance • Good dimensional stability Not true in all cases: • Translucency The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous Engineering ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polycarbonate (PC) • Polyphenylene Oxide (Modified PPO) • Polyphenylene Ether (Modified PPE) • Thermoplastic Urethane (TPU) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous High Performance ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • High cost • High temperature • High strength and good stiffness • Good chemical resistance • Transparency • Hot water and steam resistance The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Amorphous High Performance ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polysulfone (PS) • Polyetherimide (PEI) • Polyethersulfone (PES) • Polyarylsulfone (PAS) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Semi-Crystalline Commodity ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Low cost, temperature resistance and strength • Excellent chemical resistance • Low COF • Near zero moisture absorption • Very good electrical properties • Good toughness The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Semi-Crystalline Commodity ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polyethylene (PE) • High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) • Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) • Polypropylene (PP) • Polymethylpentene (PMP) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Semi-Crystalline Engineering ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Moderate cost, temperature resistance and strength • Good chemical resistance • Good bearing and wear properties • Low COF • Difficult to bond The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Semi-Crystalline Engineering ThermoplasticsMaterials • Nylon (PA) • Acetal (POM) • Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET) • Polybutylene Terepthalate (PBT) • Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMW-PE) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Semi-Crystalline High Performance ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Temperature resistance • Good electrical properties and toughness • Outstanding chemical resistance • Low coefficient of friction (COF) • High cost The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Semi-Crystalline High Performance Thermoplastics Materials • Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) • Polytetra Fluoroethylene (PTFE) • Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) • Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) • Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) • Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) • Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) • Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Imidized Materials Key Characteristics • Very high cost per pound • Excellent properties above 204°C/400°F • Excellent electrical properties • Excellent dimensional stability • Low coefficient of friction (COF) • Very low thermal expansion • Good wear characteristics The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2
Imidized Materials Materials • Polyimide (PI) • Polyamide-imide (PAI) • Polybenzimidazole (PBI) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2