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Understanding the Basics of Plastic Materials and the IAPD Thermoplastics Rectangle

Understanding the Basics of Plastic Materials and the IAPD Thermoplastics Rectangle . Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 2) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics, Inc. Definitions. Thermoplastic Thermoset. Types of Thermoplastics. Imidized materials Amorphous plastics

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Understanding the Basics of Plastic Materials and the IAPD Thermoplastics Rectangle

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  1. Understanding the Basics of Plastic Materials and the IAPD Thermoplastics Rectangle Prepared by the IAPD Education Committee (Module 2) Presented courtesy of Modern Plastics, Inc. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  2. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  3. Definitions • Thermoplastic • Thermoset The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  4. Types of Thermoplastics • Imidized materials • Amorphous plastics • High performance • Engineering • Commodity • Semi-crystalline plastics • High performance • Engineering • Commodity The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  5. Amorphous vs. CrystallineThermoplastics • Amorphous (a-morphous = without shape) - The polymer chains are in random arrangement. Molecular structure is incapable of forming regular order (crystallizing) with molecules or portions of molecules regularly stacked in crystal-like fashion. Molecular arrangement is randomly twisted, kinked and coiled. • Crystalline - The polymer chains form a regular pattern. Molecular structure forms regular order (crystals) with molecules or portions of molecules regularly stacked in crystal-like fashion. Molecular arrangement is arranged in an ordered fashion. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  6. Amorphous Commodity ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Low cost, temperature resistance and strength • Good dimensional stability • Bonds well • Typically, but not always, transparent The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  7. Amorphous Commodity ThermoplasticsMaterials • Acrylic (PMMA) • Polystyrene (PS) • Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Styrene (ABS) • Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) • Polyethylene Terepthalate Glycol (PETG) • Cellulose Acetate Butyrate (CAB) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  8. Amorphous Engineering ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Moderate cost • Moderate temperature resistance • Moderate strength • Good to excellent impact resistance • Good dimensional stability Not true in all cases: • Translucency The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  9. Amorphous Engineering ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polycarbonate (PC) • Polyphenylene Oxide (Modified PPO) • Polyphenylene Ether (Modified PPE) • Thermoplastic Urethane (TPU) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  10. Amorphous High Performance ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • High cost • High temperature • High strength and good stiffness • Good chemical resistance • Transparency • Hot water and steam resistance The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  11. Amorphous High Performance ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polysulfone (PS) • Polyetherimide (PEI) • Polyethersulfone (PES) • Polyarylsulfone (PAS) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  12. Semi-Crystalline Commodity ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Low cost, temperature resistance and strength • Excellent chemical resistance • Low COF • Near zero moisture absorption • Very good electrical properties • Good toughness The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  13. Semi-Crystalline Commodity ThermoplasticsMaterials • Polyethylene (PE) • High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) • Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) • Polypropylene (PP) • Polymethylpentene (PMP) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  14. Semi-Crystalline Engineering ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Moderate cost, temperature resistance and strength • Good chemical resistance • Good bearing and wear properties • Low COF • Difficult to bond The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  15. Semi-Crystalline Engineering ThermoplasticsMaterials • Nylon (PA) • Acetal (POM) • Polyethylene Terepthalate (PET) • Polybutylene Terepthalate (PBT) • Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMW-PE) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  16. Semi-Crystalline High Performance ThermoplasticsKey Characteristics • Temperature resistance • Good electrical properties and toughness • Outstanding chemical resistance • Low coefficient of friction (COF) • High cost The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  17. Semi-Crystalline High Performance Thermoplastics Materials • Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) • Polytetra Fluoroethylene (PTFE) • Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) • Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) • Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) • Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) • Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) • Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  18. Imidized Materials Key Characteristics • Very high cost per pound • Excellent properties above 204°C/400°F • Excellent electrical properties • Excellent dimensional stability • Low coefficient of friction (COF) • Very low thermal expansion • Good wear characteristics The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  19. Imidized Materials Materials • Polyimide (PI) • Polyamide-imide (PAI) • Polybenzimidazole (PBI) The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

  20. The IAPD Plastics Primer, Module 2

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