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Spinal cord - reflexes

Spinal cord - reflexes. Dr. Altdorfer. tract. Kahler. Ascending (right) and Descending (left) Tracts of the Spinal Cord. The most mobile parts of the spinal cord are the most vulnerable for injury and degeneration .

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Spinal cord - reflexes

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  1. Spinal cord - reflexes Dr. Altdorfer tract

  2. Kahler

  3. Ascending (right) and Descending (left) Tracts of the Spinal Cord

  4. The most mobile parts of the spinal cord are the most vulnerable for injury and degeneration. In the cervical region the cervical enlargement almost completely fill the vertebral canal: the smallest displacement of the vertebrae will result in damages of the spinal cord.. The lumbar region is loaded with almost the complete weight of the trunk – leading to frequent degenerative disorders (disc herniation, spondilosis). Cervical myopathy is compression of the spinal cord The cord get squeezed And this causes numbness and /or weakness in the arms and legs

  5. Discherniation Radiculopathy:the location of the symptoms helps determine diagnosis Symptoms of spinal nerve injury. Pain or sensory loss of the given dermatome, weaker or missing reflexes and paresis of the muscles innervated by the spinal nerve affected. The most commonly injured segments are: L4, L5, S1

  6. Dermatomes

  7. Clinically important monosynaptic reflexes

  8. In case of complete transsection of the spinal cord, there is a complete sensory loss under the damage, on both side, and complete paresis including all the muscles! If the site of the damage is above C4 segment the patient could die (phrenic n!).

  9. Brown-SéquardSyndrome In case of hemisection of the spinal cord (Brown-Séquard syndrome) -heat, pain and basic touch information is lost under the damage on the opposite side -epicritical sensitivity is lost under the damage on the same side.

  10. Spinal reflexes • Stretch reflex (or monosynaptic, proprioceptive, myotatic) • Withdrawal reflex (or polisynaptic, nociceptive, flexor…) • Autonomous reflex (or vegetative) • Receptor • Sensory neuron • (Interneuron) • Effector neuron • Effector organ

  11. Spinal reflexes • Stretch reflex (or monosynaptic, proprioceptive, myotatic) • Withdrawal reflex (or polisynaptic, nociceptive) • Autonomous reflex (or vegetative) • Receptor • Sensory neuron • (Interneuron) • Effector neuron • Effector organ

  12. Nociceptive reflex arc • Synonyms: flexor reflex, withdrawal reflex, polysynapticspinal reflex • Ancient reflex thatprotectsthe body frompotentiallydamaging, noxiousstimuli.

  13. Nociceptive reflex arc • Nociceptors of theskin and mucousmembranes→ • A delta and/or C fibres → • DRG (ganglion) → • spinalcord: dorsalhorn → interneuron • numerouscollaterals: excitacion of motoneuronsofflexorsand inhibition of extensorontheside of stimulusand stimulation of extensorstogetherwithinhibition of flexorsonthecontralateralside(flexor reflex withcrossedextensorresponse).

  14. Spinal reflexes • Stretch reflex (or monosynaptic, proprioceptive, myotatic) • Withdrawal reflex (or polisynaptic, nociceptive) • Autonomous reflex(or vegetative) • Receptor • Sensory neuron • (Interneuron) • Effector neuron • Effector organ

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