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Understanding Alcohol and its Impact on Health

Explore the effects of alcohol on the body, from its impact on the brain to health consequences and prevention strategies. Learn about blood alcohol concentration, myths, hangovers, accidents, alcohol poisoning, and more.

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Understanding Alcohol and its Impact on Health

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  1. Chapter 10 Alcohol Lesson 10.1 How Does Alcohol Impact Your Body? Lesson 10.2 The Effects of Alcohol on Health Lesson 10.3 Reasons People Use and Abuse Alcohol Lesson 10.4 Strategies for Preventing and Treating Alcohol Abuse

  2. Lesson 10.1 How Does Alcohol Impact Your Body?

  3. Warm-Up Alcohol Use How have you seen people use alcohol products? How do you think using alcohol products affects a person’s physical health? Give one example of a disease or disorder related to alcohol use. shutterstock.com/Don Pablo

  4. What Is Alcohol? • Alcohol is a general term used to describe a drink that contains a certain amount of ethanol • Alcohol has a powerful effect on all parts of the body shutterstock.com/Stokkete

  5. Effects of Alcohol on the Brain • Alcohol is a depressant, a type of drug that slows down the central nervous system • Alcohol can cause • Slurred speech • Sluggish body movements • Inability to think clearly • Blackouts (memory loss) shutterstock.com/Piotr Marcinski

  6. Critical Thinking Alcohol and Intoxication Suppose a person has the choice to drink either 12 ounces of beer or 12 ounces of wine. Why might the person become less intoxicated drinking the beer than drinking the wine?

  7. Blood Alcohol Concentration • A person’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) describes the percentage of alcohol that is in a person’s blood • People who have a BAC of 0.08 or above are considered legally impaired (intoxicated or drunk) shutterstock.com/Konstantin Yolshin

  8. Factors Influencing BAC • BAC is influenced by • The amount of alcohol consumed • The rate of consumption • Body weight • Gender • Food consumed • Ethnicity shutterstock.com/StockLite

  9. Myth or Fact? Eating food while drinking has no effect on blood alcohol concentration. MYTH • Fact: When a person consumes alcohol while eating food, the effects of alcohol are felt more slowly. • Fact: The type of food that is consumed can also impact the length of digestion time and the speed of alcohol absorption.

  10. The Physiology of a Hangover • The effects of drinking alcohol may last after the alcohol has left the body • The negative symptoms caused by excessive alcohol use are called a hangover • Tiredness and dizziness • Headaches and muscle aches • Nausea and vomiting • Thirst • Depression or anxiety shutterstock.com/Paul Schlemmer

  11. Lesson 10.2 The Effects of Alcohol on Health

  12. Alcohol Use, Accidents, and Violence • Alcohol causes • A decrease in reaction time • Difficulty coordinating movements • A decreased ability to plan and use good judgment • These impairments lead to accidents and unsafe behavior shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images

  13. Motor Vehicle Accidents • Driving after or while drinking alcohol leads to many accidents and deaths in the United States • There are also legal consequences for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs shutterstock.com/zstock

  14. Other Accidents • Alcohol use is associated with • Falls and burns • Homicides • Suicides • Firearm injuries • Electrical shocks • Near drowning • Violent actions shutterstock.com/Photographee.eu

  15. Binge Drinking and Alcohol Poisoning • Binge drinking is the consumption of large amounts of alcohol in a short period of time • Alcohol poisoning occurs when a high BAC suppresses the central nervous system • Extreme cases can lead to permanent brain damage or death shutterstock.com/Sylvie Bouchard

  16. Excessive alcohol use can have dangerous consequences.What are some signs of alcohol poisoning? • Mental confusion, stupor, coma, or unconsciousness • Vomiting • Seizures • Slow or irregular breathing • Hypothermia, bluish skin color, and paleness

  17. Health Consequences • Excessive alcohol use over time can lead to several chronic diseases • Liver damage • Heart attacks • High blood pressure • Gastrointestinal problems • Some types of cancer • Neurological problems shutterstock.com/9nong

  18. Alcohol and Pregnancy • When a pregnant woman drinks, the alcohol passes to her baby • Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a group of serious birth defects caused by a woman’s consumption of alcohol while pregnant shutterstock.com/Irina Solatges

  19. Underage Drinking • It is illegal in all states for people younger than 21 years of age to drink • Underage drinkers account for 11% of all alcohol consumed in the United States • Alcohol is the most commonly used and abused drug among youth in the United States shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images

  20. What might be some immediate negative consequences for teenagers related to alcohol use? • Hangovers, illnesses, and injuries • School absences and inability to focus on work • Legal problems such as a suspended driving license • Unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases

  21. Lesson 10.3 Reasons People Use and Abuse Alcohol

  22. Alcohol Use versus Abuse • Moderate (social) drinking • One drink per day or less on average for women • Two drinks per day or less on average for men • Does not cause problems that interfere with health or daily life shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images

  23. Problem Drinking • Problem drinking results in negative consequences • Problem drinkers are psychologically dependent on alcohol • Problem drinkers are not physically addicted to alcohol shutterstock.com/VGstockstudio

  24. What are the stages of substance abuse? • First stage: experimentation • Second stage: regular use • Third stage: tolerance • Final stage: dependence and addiction

  25. The Contribution of Biology • Research has shown that biological factors contribute to alcohol abuse • Some research suggests that people with specific genes have a greater risk of developing problems with alcohol use shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images

  26. The Role of Environment • People’s beliefs about alcohol use are influenced by their environment • Culture • Social relationships • Family and friends • Media may also contribute to alcohol use shutterstock.com/bikeriderlondon

  27. Lesson 10.4 Strategies for Preventing and Treating Alcohol Abuse

  28. Preventing Alcohol Abuse • High schools and colleges have developed many education programs to decrease risky drinking • Programs focus on short- and long-term consequences of alcohol use shutterstock.com/ronstik

  29. Critical Thinking Refusal Skills Developing and practicing refusal skills can help when you are offered alcohol. What are some strategies you can use to help you refuse alcohol? shutterstock.com/milias1987

  30. Government Approaches • Setting the minimum legal drinking age at 21 • Limiting the purchase of alcohol • Raising the sales tax on alcohol • Conducting prevention programs • Placing limits on alcoholadvertisements shutterstock.com/Vitezslav Valka

  31. Strategies for Treating Alcoholism • There are a number of strategies that can help people quit drinking • One of the first steps in recovery for alcoholics is detoxification • Various medications can be used to help people stop drinking shutterstock.com/Sam72

  32. Support Groups • Groups of people with a common problem • Group members share struggles and examples of getting through their common problem • Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a well-known self-help program for alcohol abuse shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images

  33. Self-Management Techniques • People can develop skills for managing the situations that lead them to want to drink • Avoid situations where alcohol is present • Respond in new ways to these situations • Learn new strategies for handling stress • Develop strategies for refusing alcohol • These self-management skills can be used in combination with other strategies

  34. What You Can Do • It can be very difficult to love and care about someone who has a drinking problem • The first step to alcohol recovery is for the addicted person to want to change • Remember that you cannot force a person to stop drinking shutterstock.com/Monkey Business Images

  35. Critical Thinking Avoid Enabling Encouraging an addict’s unhealthy behaviors, either intentionally or unintentionally, is called enabling. What are some enabling behaviors that you should avoid in order to help someone who is an alcoholic? shutterstock.com/CREATISTA

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