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Effect Of Climate Changes On Groundwater In Konya Closed Basin

Study on groundwater levels in Konya Closed Basin due to climate change, precipitation patterns, and increased evaporation, impacting agricultural irrigation practices. Recommendations for sustainable groundwater management.

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Effect Of Climate Changes On Groundwater In Konya Closed Basin

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  1. Effect Of Climate Changes On Groundwater In Konya Closed Basin Güler Göçmez, Ayla bozdağ, Ali Bozdağ Selcuk University, Department of Geology Engineering

  2. Location mapof study area. The Konya Closed Basin has an area of 62000 km2. It is thebiggest groundwater basin in Turkey and It is fed with precipitation.

  3. The annual drainable groundwater reserve in Turkey is 13,66 km³/yr. Konya Closed Basin makes up 10 % of this amount. And 80 % of reserve in KCB is used for irrigation

  4. Average rainfall graph in KCB 294.6 mm In between 1989-2009 years, area's average rainfall value is 294.6 mm.

  5. Eclenic deviation graphs. The years between 1989 and1997, the years between 1999 and 2003 and the years between 2004 and 2009 years indicate dry periods, while in 1998year and the years between 2003 and 2004 indicate rainy periods.

  6. Eclenic deviation graphs. That is to say, in the study area, dry period has experienced long years. Groundwater was continuously taken from aquifer during these years, but aquifer reserve could not complete with rainfalls. So, decreasing of groundwater level is increasing and in some area this value reached until 10 meters.

  7. HEAT According to the temperature value, the lowest temperatures are in January with -0.9 0C, and the highest temperature is in July and August with 24oC. In the study area,the average temperature value between 1989-2009 is average11 0C;in 2009 it is average12 0C. Accordingly, temperature values increase because of global warming and climate changes. Tersakan Lake

  8. Evapotranspiration: Correlation balance sheet is made by using Thorntwaite (1948) Formula, the evaporation relation was determined.

  9. average total rainfall is 299.5 mm, real evapo-transpiration is 281 mm, potential evapo-transpiration is 706 mm and Water defiency is 425.3 mm. According to this value, rainfall is equal to 93.5 % of the actual evapotraspiration. But in recent years, rainfall is more than evaporation (>100 %)

  10. This shows that the water in upper zone is being lost by evaporation in dry periods. And due to highly low precipitation, precipitations have little effect to rise water level of the aquifer in the deep

  11. Groundwater Level Changes In present study; In study area, wells were determined and the water levels in these wells were measured periodically.

  12. Groundwater Level Changes Changes in groundwater level become with effect of meteorological, hydrological and geological factors. Precipitation is directly related with groundwater level change. In Study area; In dry season,that is,in discharge period, (the months between June and September) decreases in groundwater level are observed, In rainy season,that is, in charge period (the months between January and April) increases in groundwater level are observed.

  13. Groundwater-rainfall relationship. When increases at groundwater level in period of charge and decreases at groundwater level in period discharge evaluated together. It is seen

  14. Groundwater-rainfall relationship. It is seen that due to global warming and climate change, precipitation into the basin don’t cause a considerable increase in groundwater level in recent years

  15. Change of groundwater level according to years and amount of rainfall (DSI,2007) In Konya Closed Basin, groundwater levels have decreased 1 to 15m during agricultural irrigation periods. This shows that groundwater levels will continue to decrease each year and precipitations into the basin is not sufficient to complete the groundwater reserves

  16. Groundwater level change according to regions in Konya Closed Basin Groundwater level change values according to regions in Konya Closed Basin is shown in Table. In Konya Closed Basin, groundwater level will decrease and reserve will be finished by climatic changes, scarcity of rains, increases at temperature and evaporation, unconscious usage, excessive water taked from aquifer.

  17. Conclusions • While climate type of the basin at between 1956-1986 years was DB2’d b4’, that is, semi dry, mesothermal, withouth excess water, close to ocean effect • In between 1986-2009 years climate type of the basin was changed to DB1’d b3’, that is, dry, mesothermal, withouth excess water, close to ocean effect • Groundwater level change directly related with precipitation and climate change. Due to low rain amount, groundwater level is decreasing year by year.

  18. Conclusions • Excess water extraction from aquifer is to be prevented, the allocations on admissible reserves are to be lifted. • Groundwater level in Konya Closed Basin decreased 1 to15 m in different regions of the basin. This decrease is almost twice as the decrease in 2008. • Since 1980, there was about 28-30 m decrease in groundwater level. This means an average of 1 m each year.

  19. Conclusions • Especially for Konya closed basin, which is known as the cereal barn of Turkey, aridity action plan is to be developed and applied. Precautions are to be applied immediat • New agricultural patterns suitable for the basın character are to be chosen • Water resources are to be kept under control

  20. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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