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Life Sc. Ch.1 s.1 CELLS

Life Sc. Ch.1 s.1 CELLS. Ch.1., Cells: voc#1 1. cell 2. organism 3. unicellular 4, multicellular 5. area 6. volume 7. cell theory (3 parts) 8. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 9. Rudolf Virchow 10. Matthias Schleiden 11.Theodore Schwann. Ch.1., Cells: voc#2 1. cell membrane 2. organelles

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Life Sc. Ch.1 s.1 CELLS

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  1. LifeSc. Ch.1 s.1 CELLS Ch.1., Cells: voc#1 1. cell 2. organism 3. unicellular 4, multicellular 5. area 6. volume 7. cell theory (3 parts) 8. Anton van Leeuwenhoek 9. Rudolf Virchow 10. Matthias Schleiden 11.Theodore Schwann Ch.1., Cells: voc#2 1. cell membrane 2. organelles 3. cytoplasm 4. DNA 5. prokaryote 6. eukaryote 7. ribosomes 8. flagella 9. membrane

  2. ch1, lesson 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANISMS (LIVING THINGS) ORGANISM: ANY LIVING THING • ALL ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF CELLS • CELL: BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION FOR ALL LIFE • CELLS RANGE IN SIZE FROM BACTERIA (.01µM) TO PLANT CELLS (100µM) • CELL SIZE LIMITED BY SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO (s2 -:- s3) • UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS: ONE CELLED LIFE 1. ALL NECESSARY LIFE ACTIVITIES DONE INSIDE A SINGLE CELL • 2. MOST COMMON FORM OF LIFE ON EARTH • MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS : MADE OF MANY, SPECIALIZED CELLS • 1. EACH CELL SPECIALIZED TO PERFORM A SPECIFIC LIFE FUNCTION • 2. ORGANISM DEPENDANT ON ALL INTERDEPENDANT CELLS FOR SURVIVAL

  3. ANTON VON LEEUWENHOEK FIRST TO OBSERVE LIVING CELLS • USED A SIMPLE MICROSCOPE • 1673: SAW LIVING MICROORGANISMS IN POND WATER • MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN / THEODORE SCHWANN 'S DISCOVERIES • BOTH USED IMPROVED COMPOUND MICROSCOPES • 1838: SCHLIEDEN SAW THAT ALLPLANTS ARE MADE OF CELLS • 1839: SCHWANN SAW THAT ALL ANIMALS WERE MADE OF CELLS • BOTH CONTRIBUTED TO DEVELOPMENT OF CELL THEORY

  4. RUDOLF VIRCHOW : STATED THAT CELLS CAN ONLY COME FROM CELLS IN 1858 • GOOD QUALITY MICROSCOPES WERE NEEDED TO DEVELOP CELL THEORY • CELL THEORY WAS THE COMBINATION OF THE WORK OF MULTIPLE SCIENTISTS • CELL THEORY: THE FOUNDATION OF LIFE SCIENCE • 1. ALL LIFE IS MADE OF CELLS • 2. LIVING CELLS CAN ONLY COME FROM LIVING CELLS • 3. THE CELL IS THE BASIC UNIT OFSTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF ALL LIVING THINGS

  5. CELL ORGANELLES: TINY CELL STRUCTURE WITH SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS • CYTOPLASM: AREA ENCLOSED BY A MEMBRANE • INCLUDES CELL’S FLUIDS AND ORGANELLES • MAKES MOST OF CELL’S INTERIONR • CELL MEMBRANE: OUTER LAYER OF ALL CELL'S CYTOPLASM • FORMS A BOUNDARY BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT, CELL • CONTROLS PASSAGE OF MATERIALS INTO AND OUT OF THE CELL • NUCLEUS: CONTROL STRUCTURE OF CELL, DIRECTS ITS ACTIVITIES • BOUND BY A MEMBRANE, CONTAINS DNA • DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA): STRANDS OF GENETIC MATERIAL • DNA CONTAINS INFORMATION NEEDED BY THE CELLTO FUNCTION

  6. TWO TYPES OF LIVING CELLS • PROKARYOTES: A PRIMITIVE ORGANISM WITHOUT A NUCLEUS • HAS CELL WALL, CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM • GENETIC INFORMATION EMBEDDED IN CYTOPLASM • BACTERIAL CELLS: A VERY TINY PROKARYOTE • EUKARYOTESHAVE A NUCLEUS AND ORGANELLES • MORE COMPLEX FORMS OF LIFE • TYPE OF CELL FOUND IN MULTICELLED ORGANISMS 6

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