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Teaching Ten: A study of Number Learning in Toddlers

Teaching Ten: A study of Number Learning in Toddlers. Brooke McDowell and Yeshim Iqbal. Background. Two Systems of Knowing Numbers Parallel individuation Precisely k eeping track of discrete objects “Cracker Study” Analog magnitude Keeping track of approximate representation

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Teaching Ten: A study of Number Learning in Toddlers

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  1. Teaching Ten: A study of Number Learning in Toddlers Brooke McDowell and YeshimIqbal

  2. Background • Two Systems of Knowing Numbers • Parallel individuation • Precisely keeping track of discrete objects • “Cracker Study” • Analog magnitude • Keeping track of approximate representation • Ratio identification in infants Feigenson, L., Dehaene, S. and Spelke, E. (2004). Core Systems of Numbers. TRENDS in Cognitive Sciences , 8 (7), 307 - 314

  3. Basis of Study • Huang, Spelke and Snedeker (2010) • Diagnosis of Knower-Level • Two-Knower • Three-Knower • Four-Knower / CP-Knower • Training based on Knower-Level • Teach Two-Knowers Three • Teach Three-Knowers Four • No work done with Four-Knowers / CP-Knowers • Results: Two-knowers learned three with familiar animals while three-knowers learned four with novel animals and objects

  4. QUestion • “Teaching Ten” - Can we teach CP-knowers to identify an approximation of the number ten?

  5. Methods Four Portions • Numeric Elicitation Task • “Give-N” Task • Teaching Ten - Criteria: passing 5/6 or 6/6 in two consecutive practice rounds - Previous Experiment (One Practice Round) • Demonstration and Video Clip (5:46,8:55)

  6. Results – Three Year Olds (n=18)

  7. Results – Three Year Olds (n=18) -

  8. Results – Three Year Olds

  9. Discussion • 3 year old CP-knowers are largely unable to: • Already grasp the approximation of ten • Be taught the approximation of ten • Of the 3 year olds that succeeded at the task: - Precocious - They grasped the approximation of ten before our training was implemented

  10. Conclusion and Extension • Testing of Four Year Olds (n=14) • Data analysis pending • Le Corre and Carey (2010) • “Fast Cards” for 4 year olds • More Extensive Training • Dynamic engagement • Counting in practice rounds

  11. Results – Four Year Olds

  12. Results – Four Year Olds

  13. Results – Four year olds

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