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Our Solar System

Our Solar System. Chromosphere. Prominence. Photosphere. Sun Spots. Corona. Core. The Sun. Solar Wind. The Sun. Our Solar System’s Star Current Age- 5 Billions years old Life Time Expectancy- 10 Billions years 99.8 % of our solar systems total mass. 108 Earth fit across the diameter.

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Our Solar System

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  1. Our Solar System

  2. Chromosphere Prominence Photosphere Sun Spots Corona Core The Sun Solar Wind

  3. The Sun • Our Solar System’s Star • Current Age- 5 Billions years old • Life Time Expectancy- 10 Billions years • 99.8 % of our solar systems total mass. • 108 Earth fit across the diameter

  4. The Core • Center of the Sun • Nuclear Fusion • Hydrogen fused to helium. • Releases huge amounts of energy. • 15,000ºC

  5. Chromosphere • Means “Color Sphere” • A part of the Sun’s atmosphere • Glows red during a partial eclipse • 5,000ºC- 10,000ºC

  6. Photosphere • Means “Light” Sphere • Sun’s Surface • Layer that we see • 5,000ºC-8,000ºC

  7. Sun Spots • Areas of cooler gas on the photosphere • Don’t give off as much light • Occur in pairs • 10-11 year cycle

  8. Prominence • Reddish loops of gas. • Connect sunspots. • Help ventilate the sun. • Solar Flares- • Huge explosions of hydrogen gas. • Increase the solar wind.

  9. Corona • Outer layer of the atmosphere. • Gives off the solar wind. • Only seen during a total solar eclipse. • Looks like a halo. • 2,000,000ºC

  10. Solar Wind • Electrically charged particles from the corona. • Earth’s magnetic field acts as a shield. • Some enters at the north and south poles. • Produces the Auroras or Northern Lights.

  11. Mercury • 1st Planet 58,000,000km • Rotation 59 Earth days • Revolution 88 Earth Days • Solid, rocky, surface. • -173C to 427C • Very cratered • Very thin atmosphere- Sodium and other Elements. • No Moon • Factoids: Very hard to get a good view, has an extreme temperature range.

  12. Venus • 2nd Planet 108,000,000km • Rotation Period- 243 Earth Days • Retrograde rotation- rotates east to west. • Revolution Period- 225 Earth Days • A solid, rocky, cratered surface with volcanoes. • 460ºC hot enough to melt lead. • Greenhouse effect- traps heat in the atmosphere, due to Carbon Dioxide. • Very thick atmosphere, cloud covered. • No Moon

  13. Earth • 3rd Planet 150,000,000 km • Rotation 24 Earth hours • Revolution 365.25 Earth Days • Solid, rocky, surface, 71% liquid water • -88°C to 58°C • Atmosphere- nitrogen and oxygen • One natural satellite - Moon • Factoids: living beings and all that is needed to sustain life

  14. Earth’s Moon

  15. Mars • 4th Planet 228,000,000km • Rotation 1.03 Earth Days • Revolution- 687 Earth Days • Solid, rocky, surface. (the red planet) • -87°C to -5°C • Once believed there were canals. • Has ice caps (made of frozen carbon dioxide and water.) • Has seasons. (dust storms) • Very thin atmosphere- mostly carbon dioxide • 2 Moons-Phobos and Deimos

  16. Asteroid Belt • Between Mars and Jupiter. • Over 10,000 • Too small and numerous to be planets. • Ceres is a dwarf planet • An asteroid might have made the dinosaurs extinct.

  17. Jupiter • 5th Planet 778,000,000km • Rotation .41 Earth Days • Revolution 12 Earth Years • Gas giant (gravity keeps gases in) • 1.8987 x 1027 kg • 300 times more massive than Earth • solid core of rock and ice • Very dense atmosphere- hydrogen and helium • Great Red Spot (giant hurricane – fit 3 Earths) • Moons: 62 (Io, Ganymede, Calisto, Europa)

  18. Saturn • 6th Planet 1,427,000,000km • Rotation .43 Earth Days • Revolution 29 Earth Years • Gas giant (gravity keeps gases in) • 5.6851 x 1026 kg • solid core of rock and ice • less dense than water • Very dense atmosphere- hydrogen and helium • 1000’s of rings (made of rock and ice) • Moons: 60 (Titan)

  19. Uranus • 7th Planet 2,871,000,000km • Rotation .72 Earth Days • Revolution 84 Earth Years • Gas giant (gravity keeps gases in) • 8.6849 x 1025 kg • solid core of rock and ice • rotates on its side • Very dense atmosphere- traces of methane • Thin rings (made of rock and ice) • Moons: 27

  20. Neptune • 8th Planet 4,479,000,000km (30 Earth’s) • Rotation .67 Earth Days • Revolution 165 Earth Years • Gas giant (gravity keeps gases in) • 1.0244 x 1026 kg • solid core of rock and ice • found by a mathematician • Very dense atmosphere- traces of methane • The Great Dark Spot (Didn’t last long) • Thin rings (made of rock and ice) • Moons: 13 (Triton)

  21. Pluto • 9th Planet (Dwarf Planet) • Rotation 6.4 Earth Days • Revolution 248 Earth Years • Solid, rocky, icy surface. • less than 2/3 the size of our moon • -233°C (-369°F) • Very thin atmosphere- frozen • Moon – Charon (one of 3 moons) • Factoids: too small to be a planet

  22. Comet • “Dirty snowballs” • Chunks of ice and rock • Very long and elliptical orbits • Sun melts the ice into gas and forms a tail. • Solar wind pushes tail away from the sun. • Halley’s comet- Every 76 Years (2062)

  23. Parts of a Comet 2.Nucleus- Central part of a comet. 3.Tail- gas and dust, pushed away from the sun due to solar wind. 1.Coma- gas and dust from the inner layer.

  24. Meteoroid • A chunk of space rock in space. • Usually from a comet or asteroid.

  25. Meteor • Meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere and burns due to friction leaving a streak of light. • Shooting Star

  26. Meteorite • Too big to burn up. • Hits the Earth’s surface.

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