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Chapter 10. Pneumatic System Fundamentals. Basic Gas Physics • Pneumatic Systems. The attraction between the molecules of a substance determines whether the substance is solid, liquid, or gas. Volume is the size of a space or container measured in cubic units.
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Chapter 10 Pneumatic System Fundamentals Basic Gas Physics • Pneumatic Systems
The attraction between the molecules of a substance determines whether the substance is solid, liquid, or gas.
Volume is the size of a space or container measured in cubic units.
Absolute temperature (°R) is always approximately 460° greater than the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit (°F).
Boyle’s law states that when temperature remains constant, there is an inverse relationship between pressure and the volume of a gas.
Charles’s law states that when the pressure of a gas is constant, the volume of the gas has a direct relationship with its absolute temperature.
Gay-Lussac’s law states that when the volume of a gas is held constant, the pressure exerted by the gas has a direct relationship to its absolute temperature.
The combined gas law can be used to solve for any value, pressure, volume, or temperature, in any condition.
Pneumatic systems are used in production manufacturing facilities, construction equipment, vehicle service equipment, industrial equipment, maintenance equipment, and marine applications.
Air composition is 78% nitrogen (N), 20.95% oxygen (O2), 0.93% argon (Ar), and 0.12% carbon dioxide (CO2) and trace amounts of other gases.
An air compressor allows air into the cylinder as the piston retracts, and then compresses the air as the piston extends.
When the pressure differential increases in a pneumatic system, there is also an increase in airflow.
Restrictions to airflow in a pneumatic system make it difficult to send the required volume of air at the required speed to its destination.