Unit 1- Elements and Compounds

1. Unit 1- Elements and Compounds Lesson 1- What Are Atoms and Elements? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uy0m7jnyv6U

2. California State Standards: • 1) Elements and their combinations account for all the matter in the world. As a basis for understanding this concept: • 1.b) Students know all matter is made of atoms, which may combine to form molecules. • 1.d) Students know that each element is made of one kind of atom and that the elements are organized in the periodic table by their chemical properties. • 1.f) Students know differences in chemical and physical properties of substances are used to separate mixtures and identify compounds

3. Disneyland, California • Some theme parks in California have fireworks displays. Fireworks are very colorful because they contain different elements. Each element burns with a different color. The element strontium burns with a red color. Calcium burns orange, and sodium produces a yellow color.

4. Language of the Discipline • Atom- the smallest unit of an element that has the properties of that element.

5. Language of the Discipline • Element- a substance made of only one kind of atom.

6. Language of the Discipline • Periodic Table- shows the elements arranged by their atomic numbers.

7. Language of the Discipline

8. Language of the Discipline • Compound- a substance made of two or more different elements.

9. Language of the Discipline • Molecule- a group of two or more atoms that are joined.

10. Language of the Discipline • Physical property- a trait- such as a color, shape, or hardness, that describes a substance by itself.

11. Language of the Discipline • Mixture- a combination of two or more different substances.

12. Atoms and Elements • Big Idea- • All matter is made up of atoms.

13. Atoms and Elements • Centuries ago, Greek thinkers wondered about the smallest unit of matter, which they called an atom. • An atom is the smallest unit of an element. • It consists of smaller particles known as protons (+), neutrons, and electrons (-)

14. Atoms and Elements • In an atom, all the protons, neutrons, and electrons are alike.

15. Atoms and Elements • When these particles combine, an element is formed. • An element is the simplest form of matter because it contains only one type of atom. • Examples: Carbon, Oxygen, Iron, Hydrogen

16. Atoms and Elements • The relationship between atoms and elements can be compared to a building.

17. Atoms and Elements • The relationship between atoms and elements can be compared to a building. -Elements = building - Atoms = bricks

18. Atoms and Elements • Each type of atom has the properties of a certain element. • Carbon atoms have the properties of carbon. • Gold atoms have the properties of gold.

19. Atoms and Elements • Elements are given names based on the combination of the protons, neutrons, and electrons. • The number of protons an atom has determines the element. • This is known as the element’s atomic number.

20. Atoms and Elements • An element name can be written in a short form—with one to three letters that stand for that element. • The symbol is the first few letters of the name. • For others, such as iron (Fe), the symbol comes from the original Latin or Greek name for the element

21. Atoms and Elements • The early Greeks thought there were four elements- earth, air, water, and fire. • Today, we know there are more than 100 elements. • They combine to form millions of substances. • Only a slight few exist in their pure form in nature.

22. Show What You Know • Describe what an atom is and what it consists of.

23. Show What You Know • Describe what an atom is and what it consists of. • An atom is the smallest unit of an element that has the properties of that element that contains protons, neutrons, and electrons.

24. Show What You Know • What is an element? Provide a few examples of different elements.

25. Show What You Know • What is an element? Provide a few examples of different elements. • An element is a substance made of only one kind of atom. A few examples are Carbon, Hydrogen, and Iron.

26. Show What You Know • What is the relationship between atoms and elements?

27. Show What You Know • What is the relationship between atoms and elements? • Atoms are the building blocks to the different types of elements.

28. Show What You Know • How do you determine the element? • A) The number of electrons • B) The number of protons • C) The number of electrons • D) None of the above.

29. Show What You Know • How do you determine the element? • A) The number of electrons • B) The number of protons • C) The number of electrons • D) None of the above.

30. Summary Time! • Write a summary about what you learned today. • Be sure to: • Use complete sentences • Use proper punctuation • Answer in paragraph form

31. The Periodic Table

32. The Periodic Table • Big Idea: • The periodic table is used to organize and categorize elements based on their chemical properties.

33. The Periodic Table • As we learned earlier, • Elements are the building blocks of matter.

34. The Periodic Table • As we learned earlier, • Elements are the building blocks of matter. • They combine to form millions of substances.

35. The Periodic Table • As we learned earlier, • Elements are the building blocks of matter. • They combine to form millions of substances. • Everything in the world is made from combinations of the same element.

36. The Periodic Table • Atoms of each element have a certain number of protons. For example: • Each hydrogen atom has only one proton. • Each iron atoms has 26 protons. • The number of protons is the element’s atomic number.

37. The Periodic Table • The elements are arranged in order of the atomic number on a chart called the periodic table. • “periodic” means repeating in a pattern. • Atomic numbers increase as you move across a row and down a column. • You would read the periodic table like a book, from left to right.

38. The Periodic Table • Each element has its own box that includes the atomic number, the name, and the symbol. ATOMIC NUMBER SYMBOL ELEMENT’S NAME

39. The Periodic Table Which element has 12 protons? What is the atomic number for copper (Cu)?

40. The Periodic Table • The periodic table tells us a lot about each element.

41. The Periodic Table • The periodic table tells us a lot about each element. The right side of the table are non-metals. Many of these are gases. The left side of the table are metals.

42. The Periodic Table • The elements in each column of the table have similar chemical properties. • Example: the elements in the column 1 are soft metals that can be cut by a knife. • Because of these similarities, scientists can predict what the elements will be like.

43. Show What You Know • In your own words, describe the periodic table.

44. Show What You Know • In your own words, describe the periodic table. • Answers will vary but the main idea is that the elements are arranged on the table based on their chemical properties.

45. Show What You Know • How are the elements arranged on the periodic table?

46. Show What You Know • How are the elements arranged on the periodic table? • The elements are arranged on the periodic table based on their atomic number.

47. Show What You Know • What are some ways you can locate an element on the periodic table?

48. Show What You Know • What are some ways you can locate an element on the periodic table? • You could locate an element on the periodic table based on it’s atomic number, chemical properties, or based on whether the element is a metal, non-metal, or gas.

49. Summary Time • Write a summary about what you learned today. • Be sure to: • Use complete sentences • Use proper punctuation • Answer in paragraph form

50. Molecules and Compounds