Quality Assurance & Food Safety for Arizona Youth Livestock Producers

1. Quality Assurance & Food SafetyforArizona Youth Livestock Producers

2. What is Quality Assurance? • Quality • Are the products good to eat? • Are they safe and healthy? • Do they taste good? • Are they tender?

3. What is Quality Assurance? • Assurance: • A pledge or a promise Quality Assurance The promise we make to consumers that the food that comes from our livestock will be of the highest possible quality and we will do everything we can to make those products safe to eat.

4. Why Quality Assurance? • Improves food quality • Improves care and management • Avoids drug residues • Increases product value

5. Consumer Producer Attitude Food Service Transportation Marketing Retail/ Distribution Processing Harvesting

6. HACCP and Food Safety Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points • A system used in meat packing plants to prevent food safety problems • Regulated by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)

7. HACCP and Food Safety Hazards can be identified as: Microbial contamination • E. coli, salmonella, etc. Chemical hazards • Antimicrobial and chemical tissue residues Physical hazards • Broken needles or metal

8. HACCP and Food Safety The Steps of HACCP are: • Identify hazards • Find critical points in the process • Establish critical limits for each critical control point • Monitor • Take corrective action if monitoring shows there are deviations outside the limits of a critical control point • Keep records on each critical control point • Verify that the HACCP plan is working correctly.

9. Where do I fit into HACCP ? • The producer’s responsibility is to supply the packer with animals that are free from drug and chemical residues and physical hazards such as broken needles. We must also be aware of withdrawal times because a packer can’t hold an animal delivered to the plant. Packer Producers Consumers

10. Food and Drug Administration Regulates medicated animal feed and most health products Approves products and sets tolerance levels for antimicrobials Sets tolerance levels for pesticides used in livestock production Current Regulatory Agencies • Food Safety and Inspection Service • Inspects hogs in packing plants • Examines plant sanitation • Approves plant sanitation

11. GPP’s Good Production Practices

12. Animal Identification Good Production Practice #1Keep Accurate Records • Why? • Proof of ownership • Record medications • Good management

13. Date of treatment Animal treated Product used Amount administered Route of administration Who gave the drug Withdrawal time Completed withdrawal date Good Production Practice #1Keep Accurate Records Maintain medication and treatment records.

14. Good Production Practice #2Establish a Valid Veterinary-Client-Patient Relationship Obtain and use veterinary prescription drugs through a licensed veterinarian based on a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship

15. Over the Counter Drugs (OTC) Prescription Drugs (Rx) Factors determining whether a drug is OTC or Rx: Margin of safety to animal Effects of accidental overdose Difficulty of identifying disease being treated Safety for the administrator Types of Animal Health Products

16. Types of Drug Use • Labeled Use:Using the drug EXACTLY as it is specified on this label. Medicated feed may only be used as directed by the label. Labeled use is legal and the type of use most producers use! • Off Label: The PRODUCER uses drugs on their own in a manner other than what is stated on the label without veterinarian guidance. This is ILLEGAL!! • Extra Label:The VETERINARIAN prescribes a drug to be used in a manner other than what’s on the label. This is legal and is used when a good veterinarian-client-patient relationship exists.

17. The label says to give 10cc of the drug…your veterinarian says give 20cc. Good Production Practice #2 Extra Label, Off Label ...or Okay? EXTRA LABEL • You decide on your own to use a drug for pneumonia to treat your pigs ringworm. OFF LABEL and ILLEGAL • Your veterinarian suggests using a drug approved for chickens on your pig. EXTRA LABEL • The label says treat your pig twice a day and you treat it at 8 am and 8 pm. OKAY

18. Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices • Properly Store, Label and Account for all Drug Products and Medicated Feeds. • Food and Drug Administration regulates what drugs and amounts are safe for use. It also licenses feed mills to use these approved drugs.

19. Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices Read & Follow Label Instructions….. • All drug labels and/or inserts should contain this information Storage Warnings Withdrawal Lot Number Active Ingredient Expiration Date Cautions Trade Name Application Method Dosage

20. Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices Proper Injection Sites • Don’t give intra-muscular injections in high value cuts – preferred location is in the neck. • May cause injection site lesions or abscess • Common Techniques • Sub-Q • IM • IV

21. Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices Example of Injection Site Damage

22. Good Production Practice #3Follow Healthy Production Practices Withdrawal Time Withdrawal time is the amount of time required for the medication to be metabolized, or broken down, by the animal’s body. • Determined and set by research and governmental regulations • Printed on the medication label

23. Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling Provide proper animal care.

24. Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling WATER! • ALWAYS …. have plenty of clean, fresh water • Animals will die in 1 -3 days without water • Shortage of, or poor quality water will affect performance

25. Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling Housing • Pens • Don’t overcrowd • Clean, dry bedding • No nails or sharp objects sticking out • Clean feed bunks and water

26. Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling Housing • Weather conditions…. Protect from extremes - Shade, fans, misters - Added shelter

27. Good Production Practice #4Proper Care & Handling • Work with animals prior to the Fair • Don’t poke, hit, or prod animals in the high value cut areas • Do not cause increased stress • Don’t forget about your project after the show

28. Good Production Practice #5Provide Adequate & Safe Feed • Use high quality feeds • Read labels • Meet nutritional needs • Follow appropriate feed mixing procedures • Clean and free of wire, manure, mold, etc • Properly stored • Dry & clean • Away from rodents and other animals • Not too old

29. Good Production Practice #6Maintain Biosecurity Make sure livestock trailersare cleaned and sanitized/sterilized. Avoid sharing grooming and feeding/watering equipment. Discourage fair visitors from petting or feeding the animals. Practice good personal hygiene. Be cautious with visitors to your farm. Isolate all purchased animals for two weeks and, preferably, for 30 days. Isolate all animals returning from shows the same as purchased animals. Contact with other animals or livestock equipment, can expose your animal to disease. Reduce the risk of diseases, parasites and pests.

30. Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety Practices • Provide animals that are safe, wholesome and high quality • A product that is nutritious, • with minimal microbial contamination, • no chemical residues above acceptable limits, • no parasites, • and when prepared properly is beneficial to human health when consumed.

31. Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety Practices A few quality problems include: Bruising Abuse of Paylean Blood Splashing

32. Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety Practices

33. Good Production Practice #7Follow Proper Food Safety Practices • As a consumer take steps to prevent food-borne illness • Clean: wash hands and food contact surfaces • Separate: don’t cross contaminate • Cook: cook to the proper temperature • Chill: refrigerate promptly • If in doubt – throw it out

34. Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character Traits “Character is revealed by how we behave when we are sure that we won’t be found out.” Thomas Babington Macaulay

35. Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character Traits Ethical Decision Making • Read the rules. • If it needs to be a secret, it’s probably wrong. • Is it a fraudulent practice? Does it misrepresent the animal? • Is your action in the best interest of the animal? • Does your action require the granting of “Special Exception”?

36. Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character Traits Core Values • Trustworthiness • Respect • Fairness • Caring • Citizenship • Responsibility

37. Good Production Practice #8Exhibit Strong Character Traits • SPORTSMANSHIP . . . is about exhibiting livestock with honor - Follow the intent of the rules • GAMESMANSHIP . . . is about winning for gain and glory - Using the rules to your advantage

38. Quality Assurance & Food Safety “Success in the show arena is just part of your food animal project.” “You are a food producer and must carry the responsibility that comes with being a part of our food chain.” “Do the Right Thing!