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Presented by Kimberly L. McDaniel, Ph.D. California Department of Education. The California Picture Ethnic Disproportionality in California’s Special Education Programs. Policy Context California Demographics Measuring Ethnic Disproportion Statewide Actions.
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Presented by Kimberly L. McDaniel, Ph.D. California Department of Education The California Picture Ethnic Disproportionality in California’s Special Education Programs Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Policy Context California Demographics Measuring Ethnic Disproportion Statewide Actions Presentation Overview Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
WHAT Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
“Disproportionality refers to the relationship between student representation in both general and special education.” Harry and Anderson, 1995 Disproportionality Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Federal “interest” No Child Left Behind (NCLB) State Accountability (KPI) History = 2 Primary Lawsuits (Language/Misidentification) Contextualizing Disproportionalityin California Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
WHO Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Enrollment in Public Schools California, 2003-2004 Student Representation in GE and SE Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Percent of Students Meeting NCLB AYP in Math California, 2002-2003 Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Percent of Students Meeting NCLB AYP in ELA California, 2002-2003 Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
In 2002- 2003: 26% of all students in California were English learners 20% of all special education students were English learners 41% of Hispanic students receiving special education services were English learners English Learners in California Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
HOW Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Composition Index Three Ways to View Concept Risk Index Odds Ratio Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Risk Index: Percent of students in a given ethnic group identified as receiving special education services Sample/Example Statement: In California, 16.01% of African American students receive special education services Risk Index Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Odds Ratio: Comparative index Statement:African American students have a 48 percent greater likelihood of being assigned to special education than all students in California Odds Ratio Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Composition Index: The proportion of all children serviced in special education from the ethnic group Example/Sample statement:African American students comprise 12.00% of all special education students Composition Index Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
E=A+Sqrt[A*(100-A)÷N] E=maximum percentage of enrollment allowed for a racial/ethic group A=percentage of racial/ethnic group in total school enrollment N=total number of students in special education E-Formula is on the Record Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Action Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Quality Assurance Process • Statewide Special Education District Review • Compliance and Educational Benefit Focus • Risk Index Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
(Special) Education Equity Implementation Workgroup Primary Goal~ Develop Work Plan Secondary Goals~ Identify Partners~ Education ~ Inform Research Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Recommendations:Policy and Program Direction “Reducing ethnic overrepresentation is a matter of creating a successful school environment for all students and accurately distinguishing disabilities from so-called cultural differences, political influences, and socioeconomic factors. We must realize that the causes of low academic performance and challenging behavior do not reside solely within the child or family.” -National Institute for Urban School Improvement, 2001 Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
#1: Focus on early intervention. Action: Provide universal screenings for kindergarten students. #2: Improve the quality of the pre-referral process. Action: Implement proven pre-referral strategies. #3 Strengthen state technical assistance capacity in the area of ethnic disproportionality in special education. Action:Train field staff in the area of ethnic disproportionality in special education. #4 Create cross-systems relationships to facilitate access to services beyond special education. Action: Establish Interagency State Task Force. #5 Pursue Scholarly Inquiry. Action: Conduct multivariate research. Recommendations:5 Areas with Actions Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
Statewide ethnic disproportionality data Multiple measures Current state efforts Cross-systems solutions Research role Summary Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel
State of CaliforniaDepartment of EducationSpecial Education DivisionAssessment, Evaluation, and Support Unit1430 N. StreetSacramento, CA 95814-3321 (916) 322-3254 Fax (916) 327-3730 Tdd (916) 327-3678kmcdanie@cde.ca.gov Kimberly L. McDaniel, Ph.D. Education Programs Consultant Q&A Addressing Disproportionality in California's Special Education Programs Prepared by Dr. McDaniel