Reproductive System

1. Reproductive System http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_eNmc_gHyE

2. Reproductive System • Reproductive system functions in gamete • Production • Storage • Nourishment • Transport • Fertilization • Fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kGN2dcjNUY

3. Male Reproductive System • Pathway of spermatozoa • Epididymis • Ductus deferens (Vas deferens) • Ejaculatory duct • Accessory organs • Seminal vesicles • Prostate gland • Bulbourethral glands • Scrotal sac encloses testes • Penis

4. The Male Reproductive System - Know Figure 28.1

5. Figure 28.3 The Male Reproductive System in Anterior View - illustration

6. Figure 28.4 The Structure of the Testes - illustration http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlkqYm_LxgU

7. Spermatogenesis - know Seminiferous tubules • Contain spermatogonia • Stem cells involved in spermatogenesis • Contain sustentacular cells • Sustain and promote development of sperm

8. The Seminiferous Tubules - illustration Figure 28.5a, b

9. Figure 28.5 The Seminiferous Tubules - understand http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRNqsT_NRcY

11. Figure 28.8 Spermiogenesis and Spermatozoon Structure - illustration http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaZ0Q7DR3DE

12. Male reproductive tract - know • Testes produce mature spermatozoa • Sperm enter epididymis • Elongated tubule with head, body and tail regions • Monitors and adjusts fluid in seminiferous tubules • Stores and protects spermatozoa • Facilitates functional maturation of spermatozoa

13. Figure 28.9 The epididymis - illustration

15. Reproductive Disease Diary • Reproductive System Disease or Disorder • Give Reference • Show graphic, illustration, photo, etc. • Describe disease/disorder • How is it diagnosed? • How is it treated? • How it would affect your life if you had it?

16. Accessory glands - know • Seminal vesicles • Active secretory gland • Contributes ~60% total volume of semen • Secretions contain fructose, prostaglandins, fibrinogen

17. Accessory glands - know • Prostate gland • Secretes slightly acidic prostate fluid • Bulbourethral glands • Secrete alkaline mucus with lubricating properties

18. Figure 28.10 The Ductus Deferens and Accessory Glands - illustration

19. Contents of Semen - know • Typical ejaculate = 2-5 ml fluid • Contains between 20 – 100 million spermatozoa per ml • Seminal fluid • A distinct ionic and nutritive glandular secretion

20. Figure 28.11 The Penis - illustration

21. Hormones and male reproductive function - know • FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone) • Targets sustentacular cells to promote spermatogenesis • LH (leutinizing hormone) • Causes secretion of testosterone and other androgens • GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone) • Testosterone • Most important androgen

22. Sex Hormone Review: Males - know LH Testosterone FSH Spermatogenesis

23. Hormonal Feedback and the Regulation of the Male Reproductive Function - illustration

24. SECTION 28-3The Reproductive System of the Female

25. Principle organs of the female reproductive system - know • Ovaries • Uterine tubes • Uterus • Vagina

26. The Female Reproductive System - Know Figure 28.13

27. The Ovaries and Their Relationships to the Uterine Tube and Uterus - know

28. Oogenesis - know • Ovum production • Occurs monthly in ovarian follicles • Part of ovarian cycle • Follicular phase (preovulatory) • Luteal phase (postovulatory)

29. Oogenesis - know

30. The Ovarian Cycle - illustration

31. The Ovarian Cycle - understand

32. The Uterine Tubes - illustration

33. The uterus - know • Muscular organ • Mechanical protection • Nutritional support • Waste removal for the developing embryo and fetus • Supported by the broad ligament and 3 pairs of suspensory ligaments

34. Uterine wall consists of three layers - know • Myometrium – outer muscular layer • Endometrium – a thin, inner, glandular mucosa • Perimetrium – an incomplete serosa continuous with the peritoneum

35. The Uterus - illustration

36. The Uterus - understand

37. The Uterine Wall - illustration

38. The Uterine Wall - illustration

39. Uterine cycle - know • Repeating series of changes in the endometrium • Continues from menarche to menopause • Menses (menstrual cycle) • Degeneration of the endometrium • Menstruation • Proliferative phase • Restoration of the endometrium • Secretory phase • Endometrial glands enlarge and accelerate their rates of secretion

40. The Uterine Cycle - illustration

41. External genitalia - know • Vulva • Vestibule • Labia minora and majora • Paraurethral glands • Clitoris • Lesser and greater vestibular glands

42. The Female External Genitalia - Know

43. The Mammary Glands - illustration

44. Hormones of the female reproductive cycle - know • Control the reproductive cycle • Coordinate the ovarian and uterine cycles

45. Hormones of the female reproductive cycle - know • Key hormones include: • FSH • Stimulates follicular development • LH • Maintains structure and secretory function of corpus luteum • Estrogens • Have multiple functions • Progesterones • Stimulate endometrial growth and secretion

46. The Hormonal Regulation of Ovarian Activity - illustration

47. The Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive Cycle - know

48. The Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive Cycle - know