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Explore the essential life functions, metabolic processes, and homeostasis that support survival in all organisms. Learn how organisms obtain nutrition, perform respiration, regulate internal balance, reproduce, and more. Discover the importance of metabolism and how it enables life.
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Do Now: 1. Imagine you are a new cast member on the show “Survivor” ….according to the rules you are allowed to bring three items of your choice. What would you bring and why? 2. What is a process?
What is Biology ? The study of Living Things Bio = lifelogy = Study of
How to Study Biology ? So many new words ! know some common prefix and suffix eg. photosynthesis photo = light synthesis = to combine together ∴ to combine some elements together by using the energy from sunlight
Organism Any living thing that carries out life processes Ex. Plants, humans, bacteria, mold Life Processes/ Life functions Activities that are carried out by an organism that enable it to survive.
8 Life Functions 3. Transport 1. Nutrition 4. Excretion 2. Respiration 5. Regulation 6. Reproduction 7. Growth 8. Synthesis
DO NOW: • List the life functions and Describe a system or structure in your body that performs or assists you to perform this process.
1. Nutrition The process in which food is obtained and processed (modified) into nutrients, for Energy Growth and Repair. Four Steps 1. Ingestion - The process of taking in food
-Process of breaking down food into nutrients 2.Digestion 3. Egestion -Process of removing solid wastes (undigested food) in the form of feces
2. Respiration The process in which chemical energy is released from the organic material ___________ found within the organism with the help of inorganic substances ____________. (nutrients) (oxygen)
+ Glucose Oxygen + + Energy Carbon Dioxide Water
Two types of Nutrition Heterotrophic nutrition = organism cannot make it’s own food • Example – animals
Autotrophic nutrition = organisms make their own food PLANTS= photosynthesis
Nutrition involves these activities by which organisms …. • Remove cellular waste products • Obtain and process materials needed for other life activities • Exchange gases with their environment • Absorb and circulate materials
Respiration is best described as a process by which…. • Necessary nutrients are circulated • Hydrogen is used to synthesis glucose • Metabolic wastes are absorbed • Chemical energy is converted into a usable form
3. Transport Movement of materials through the body & within a cell
4. Excretion Removal of cellular WASTES Cellular wastes are by-products of metabolic activities (life processes) performed by the cells within an organism Examples: urea water Carbon dioxide salt
5. Regulation The process in which all of the organism's life activities are controlled and coordinated to maintain equilibrium
6.Reproduction Production of new individuals As an individual, a living thing doesn’t have to reproduce for individual survival BUT must in order to have species survival
7. Growth Process in which there is an increase in cell number NOT size (cell division)
8 Life Functions 1. Nutrition 3. Circulation 2. Respiration 4. Excretion 5. Regulation 6. Reproduction** 7. Growth 8. Synthesis
8. Synthesis The process in which the body naturally creates substances by combining small molecules to create larger molecules.
Metabolism Is the set of chemical reactions (life processes) that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life Specific proteins in the body control metabolism. Metabolism is a constant process that begins when we're conceived and ends when we die. It is a vital process for all life forms. If metabolism stops, a living thing dies.
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to regulate its internal physiology to maintain stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment Balanced internal environment A.D.A.M.
Homeostasis • Constant Balance, Steady State or Dynamic Equilibrium • Ability of an organism to “maintains it’s internal environment while responding to external environmental factors • Temp increase or decrease • Starve a fever feed a cold!
Which process removes the process of urea in the blood stream of humans? • Excretion • Egestion • Digestion • Synthesis
Organisms that obtain and ingest organic molecules for their nutrition are classified as • autotrophs • producers • algae • heterotrophs
Which process includes all three? • Synthesis • Metabolism • Excretion • Nutrition
Homeostatic regulation of the body Is made possible through coordination of all body systems. This coordination is achieved mainly by… • Respiratory and reproductive systems • Skeletal and excretory systems • Nervous and endocrine systems • Circulatory and digestive systems
Which situation is not an example of the maintenance of a dynamic equilibrium in an organism? • Guard cells contribute to the regulation of water content in a geranium plant. • Water passes into an animal cell causing it to swell. • The release of insulin lowers the blood sugar level in a human after eating a big meal. • A runner perspires while running a race on a hot summer day.
