Vasilis Maglaris Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering, NTUA

1. FEDERATED VIRTUALIZED INFRASTRUCTURESAND FUTURE INTERNET RESEARCH:The NOVI Experience VasilisMaglaris Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering, NTUA Chairman, NREN Policy Committee - GÉANT Consortium maglaris@netmode.ntua.gr NETCLOUD Workshop IEEE CloudCom 2011 November 30th2011, Athens, Greece

2. A FIRE Research Project: NOVINetworking innovationsOverVirtualized Infrastructures • EC FP7 – Cooperation • (DG INFSO-F, FIRE Unit) • 13 Partners (NRENs, • Academic & Research • Institutions, Industry) • 30 Months (starts Sept. 2010)

3. The NOVI Consortium 1. National Technical University of Athens - NTUA (Coordinator, Greece) 2. MartelGmBH (Switzerland) 3. Université Pierre & Marie Curie - UPMC (France) 4. Consortium GARR (Italy) 5. Universiteit van Amsterdam - UvA (Netherlands) 6. Fundació i2CAT (Spain) 7. DFN Verein (Germany) + Universität Erlangen - Nürnberg 8. Institut National de Recherche en Automatique et Informatique - INRIA (France) 9. Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem - ELTE (Hungary) 10. Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center - PSNC (Poland) 11. Cisco Systems International B. V. (Netherlands) 12. Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung (Germany) 13. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya – UPC (Spain)

4. NOVI’s Mission within the Future Internet (FI) Ecosystem • FI emerges as a complex ecosystem, offering holistic services to users over shared federated interconnected platforms. • NOVI targets innovative research in a bottom-up approach, addressing a critical area in FI services: How FI users (including Data Center Managers & Cloud Service Providers) securely share a multi-domain networking substrate. • NOVI aspires to develop a framework (information model, test tools and algorithms) that will empower FI users to discover, view, monitor, control and provision isolated/virtualized networking resources within a federated networking substrate, thus complementing their distributed storage & computing service baskets with interconnection-specific resources.

5. NOVI Research Goals How to federate different kinds of resources in virtualized e-Infrastructures How to formally describe virtualized network and cloud objects in a complex environment, assisted by semantic methods. What ontologies are best suited to describe resources of different kinds How to build combined slices of virtualized infrastructure at the data, control, monitoring and provisioning planes. How to describe their relationships and technical attributes How to (co-) allocate resources with QoS attributes and how to set up the monitoring system to allow for accountable, predictable FI services; multi-domainvirtual network embedding How to enrich FI experimental platforms (PaaS) with federated models and methods enabling comprehensive and reproducible experiments

6. The NOVI Information Model Background • Various efforts form the basis of the NOVI Information and Data Models

7. NOVI Control & Management (C&M) Architecture – Spiral 1 NOVI C&M Communication SM: Slice Manager AM: Aggregate Manager CM: Component Manager Reg: Registry SFA calls FED calls SM SM (MyPLC) AM Reg Reg AM PlanetLab FEDERICA WS CM FEDERICA

8. Innovative C&M ServicesBuilding on Slice Federation Architecture - SFA • Intelligent Resource Mapping Service to embed user requests for virtual network overlays (slices) within the physical substrate. • Discovery Service able to efficiently discover resources (slivers) based on their context. • Resource Allocation Service to instruct Platform Slice/Aggregate Managers to commit • Monitoring Service to assess behavior of resources depending on roles. • Policy Management Service that governs the intra and the inter domain behavior of the NOVI federation, including role-based user access control. • Database Service with entities defined within NOVI Information Model including their semantic attributes. • Request Handler Service for service & virtual resource requests.

9. NOVI Federated Slice Creation Generic Steps A user registered in Platform_Arequests a combined slice with slivers (virtual resources) in Platform_A, Platform_B…. via the NOVI Portal/API The NOVI Resource Discovery Service checks availability of slivers from Platform_A, Platform_B…. NOVI’s Intelligent Resource Mapping Service suggests intelligent multi-domain composition of user slice NOVI’s Resource Allocation ServiceinstructsPlatform_A, Platform_B… to commit slivers to user consistent with their local policies

10. Federated Data Plane ConnectivityNOVI Virtual Switch (NSwitch) – Spiral 1

11. NOVI’s Positioning in European & Global FI Research • NOVI’s research is aligned with mainstream research efforts in Europe (EC FIRE Initiative), the US (NSF GENI Initiative), Asia Pacific (NICT – Japan, CERNET - China, KOREN Korea, NICTA - Australia...) • NOVI partners combine expertise from • Advanced networking platforms (GÉANT, NRENs, GLIF…) • FI experimental facilities (FEDERICA, PlanetLab Europe…) • Advanced industrial solutions in virtualized environments (Cisco Nexus 1000V) • ICT/FI RTD projects (Phosphorus, Manticore, OneLab, Panlab, GEYSERS, BonFire, G-Lab…) • FI coordination actions (FIRESTATION, FIREworks, INFINITY - FI PPP…) • NOVI interacts with standardization bodies and disseminates its findings in scientific events and global FI initiatives; it assists on developing the FIRE facility at the FIRE Architecture Board

12. Sustainability of FI Experimental Research • A concern in the times of crisis but FI Research is a high-risk strategic investment • Advanced Internet-based e-Infrastructures perceived as creative commonsand astimulus to recovery: Obama’s initiative & EU FI PPP… • Some problem areas: • Subsidiaritybetween Federal (EC) & National policies • Selection of Projects based on periodic peer reviews (spirals), old boys networks • Synergieswith major vendors (Cisco, Juniper, NEC, HP…) and Cloud SPs (IBM, Google, SAP...); IPRs & openness • Emphasis on attracting end-users: EU Living Labs & FIRE Integrated Projects Open Calls (up to 250 K Euros/year per “user”)

13. Sustainability Factors (1/2) Sustainability depends on active endorsement of diverse user communities (beyond ICT researchers) Usersneed to understand (and appreciate) the benefits and economic incentives in using multifaceted FI experimental platforms Priorities, requirements and budgetary constraints of users need to guide planners/providers of FI experimental platforms (e.g. user-friendly open interfaces, policies for reproducibility of experiments)

14. Sustainability Factors (2/2) FI experimental platforms should attract users by developing – deploying user friendly tools, based on efficient resource allocation algorithms (e.g. Virtual Network Embedding), monitoring schemes (slice and substrate oriented) and novel information models (e.g. ontologies assisting users to locate and compose virtualized resources in a distributed FI environment) Operational costs should be assured, required for seamless infrastructure support (and hardware – software upgrades) Well defined SLAs and broadly acceptable pricing models are required, in line with legacy Service Provider practices

15. Federation is tightly related with Sustainability The FI will be a shared multi-domain ecosystem where: • Users should be able to run their applications/experiments by dynamically selecting diverse slivers within a slice (basket) of the federated FI facility • Federated FI facilities should be able to upgrade their scope by incorporating additional testbeds, thus attracting a wider user base: Need for open, scalable federation architectures (bases: PlanetLabSFA, PanlabTeagle) • Exploit synergies with established advanced R&E e-Infrastructures should be exploited: • In the US Internet2, NLRare used as backbone facilities for GENI infrastructures – e.g. OpenFlowtestbeds, VINI… • In Europe, NRENs - GÉANT can provide support for advanced connectivity services amongst European virtualized infrastructures • In Asia-Pacific advanced R&E networks provide virtualized platforms, interconnecting FI testbeds • Plan towards a global federated environment for FI experiments

16. Potential role of GÉANT – NRENs in the FI Ecosystem Provision FI federated platforms (FIRE, FI PPP) with WAN substrate Gigabit+ connectivity at all protocol layers/planes (including Bandwidth on Demand) & core virtual facilities (systems, logical routers, virtualized data centers…) Support virtual resource allocation, scheduling, federated admission control, roaming AAI & secure operation of isolated communities, instantiating the concept of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Deploy and test early prototype tools to create, monitor and control virtual resources allocated to FI user communities, towards the Network on Demand vision Complement efforts towards common, context aware descriptions of heterogeneous virtual networking elements, enabling resource discovery & provisioning of composite services to meet user demands Export NOC functionality to virtual communities to enable scalable management of virtual resources by stake-holders of federated overlays

17. Virtualization over GÉANT - NRENs

18. Future Internet Experimental Research:An Opportunity for NRENs • Requirements: • Sharing optical backbones & housing for FI experiments • Emulating real-world conditions • In isolation from production traffic (slicing, virtualization) • Interconnection of local testbeds (e.g. OpenFlow, wireless labs) • NRENs as infrastructure providers & innovation brokers: • In Europe: FI Private-Pubic Partnership (PPP) & FIRE  provisioning of NREN – GÉANT facilities (e.g. FEDERICA) • In the US: GENI experimental platforms  provisioning of Internet2, NLR, ESnet, RON facilities (e.g. VINI) • In APAN: SINET (JP), CERNET (CN), KOREN (KR), AARNet (AU),…

19. The GÉANT Service Area • GÉANT COST: 40 M€/year (equally shared by EC and NRENs) • Not just the GÉANT backbone • Federated services via 37 NRENsand4000+ Campuses to 50 M+ users • Total European R&E Networking Cost: International (GÉANT) / National (NREN) / CampusCosts follow the 1/10/100 rule

20. GÉANT global connectivity • AfricaConnect • GÉANT2 global connectivity – February 2009

21. Key Challenge forNRENs -GÉANT: A Tsunami of Global High-End Requirements 10 Gig+ NREN – GÉANT Footprint, June 2009 • High-End Users (HPC, CERN, ITER,…) require stable productionservices: • Provisioning 10-40-100 Gbps networks (DWDM over dark fiber, leased λ) • Meeting robustness, reliability, security requirements • Enabling multi-domain e2e monitoring & on-demand hybrid resource allocation • Managing converging e-infrastructures as a High Performance Computing & Networking(HPCN) Cloud  Future Internet (FI) Services & Applications

22. Related Public Web Pages http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/activities/foi/index_en.htm (link to EU Future Internet activities) http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/fire/ (link to EU Future Internet Research & Experimentationactivities) http://www.fp7-novi.eu/ (link to NOVI site) http://www.geant.net/pages/home.aspx (link to GÉANT site) http://www.netmode.ntua.gr (link to netmode.ntua.gr laboratory)