Europeans in North America 1600-1660 The Americas- What now?

1. Europeans in North America1600-1660The Americas- What now? • We’ve learned about the native cultures in the Americas and what happened in the beginning of contact with the Europeans, but what now?!? Europeans began to colonize the territory in the Americas • Colony: a group of people who leave their native country to form in a new land a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation.

2. European Rivalries • Spain/Portugal (unified in 1580), French, Dutch, and English were the main rivalries for control of land in the Americas and control of the world’s oceans. • We will take a look at each of these contenders and see who had the most successful approach to colonization and what would motivate people to move to these new colonies!

3. The Spanish Empire in the Americas

4. Spain • Spanish actually traveled to Japan, but they remained isolated • Expanded into California and New Mexico areas, but ran into drought, disease, and non-fertile land. • Also brought Christianity to New Mexico along with new crops like wheat, onions, and peas, new tools, and domesticated animals like sheep, cattle, and horses.

5. Spain Continued • Also had Florida, and wanted gold and a passage to the far East. Missionaries were trying to convert Native Americans, who paid for beliefs in labor and crops, and also disease. • Spain was also transporting all their gold and silver from the Americas back home, and began transporting African slaves back to the Americas.

7. France • French continued to trade with Native American cultures in Canada and Northern U.S.- along the St. Lawrence • Beaver Fur Trade was critical and helped form trade relationships with Native Americans • Disease was a major issues as well with the native populations, in addition to intertribal warfare, and missionaries trying to convert them to Christianity.

8. The Netherlands • In 1609 Henry Hudson sailed for the Dutch East India Company, looking for a passage to the Orient. • He arrives in the Chesapeake Bay areas and established a trading post-eventually run by Peter Stuyvesant • However, the Dutch colonies were soon taken over by England

9. What Makes People Want to Move to the Americas????????? • The Push to Leave Europe:-escape from direct religious persecution-Fear regarding religious future at home-anxiety about political change in Europe-Dismay over economy and need for farmland-relief from joblessness or personal hardship-restlessness and desire for adventure

10. England • Managed to outdistance all other European rivals and establish thriving North American colonies in the first half of the 1600s. • Several factors contributed to England’s success in colonization….

11. England’s Successful Colonies: + Restless supply of potential colonists + expanding fleet of ships with experienced sailors + ambitious leaders + Protestant Reformation + 1642 civil war + unstable domestic economies + development of joint stock companies (people investing own money into colonies)= massive push to colonize!

12. What Makes People Want to Move to the Americas????????? • The Pull to Move to the Americas: -Word of mouth information about America • Effective work and writing by advertisers • Appeal of land and economic opportunities • Desire to join earlier migrants to America • Safe pursuit of personal religious beliefs • Hope of educating and converting Native Americans