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Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis. Chemical Reaction: a reaction that changes matter Reactants: are molecules used for chemical reaction Products: are the molecules made from a chemical reaction. Ancient Earth – Before Photosynthesis. Today – Lush with Autotrophs. Thanks Plants!.

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Photosynthesis

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  1. Photosynthesis • Chemical Reaction: a reaction that changes matter • Reactants: are molecules used for chemical reaction • Products: are the molecules made from a chemical reaction

  2. Ancient Earth – Before Photosynthesis

  3. Today – Lush with Autotrophs

  4. Thanks Plants! • Up to 85% of the Oxygen on Earth comes from photosynthetic autotrophs! • Plants filter the air and reduce atmospheric pollutants! • Shown: Vertical garden in Paris

  5. Photosynthesis • Autotrophs internally create sugar (food) through absorbing water, carbon dioxide, and radiant energy from the sun • Photo = light • Synthesis = to make

  6. Simple Sugar Uses • Glucose – provides immediate energy for the plant • Starch – polysaccharide used for energy storage • Cellulose – polysaccharide used to strengthen cell wall

  7. Photosynthetic Organisms

  8. Pigment in green plants • Chlorophyll – pigment that reflects green light but absorbs blue and red light

  9. Other pigments

  10. Plant Cell

  11. The chloroplast • Sites of photosynthesis • Double membrane • Pigment: chlorophyll (located in the thylakoid) • Light dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid • Light independent reactions occur in the stroma

  12. Chloroplasts

  13. Microscope View

  14. Photosynthesis: an overview • The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP). • The molecules of ATP produced in the light-dependent reactions are then used to fuel the light-independent reactions that produce simple sugars. • 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

  15. What is ATP??? • ATP= ENERGY • Adenosine Triphosphate or ATP is an energy molecule that provides direct energy to your cells • ATP is composed of an adenosine molecule with 3 phosphate groups attached

  16. When the bond breaks, energy is released

  17. What is ADP??? • When one phosphate group breaks away, ATP becomes Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) • ADP has only two phosphate groups and holds less energy than ATP • ATP ADP ATP

  18. How do plants receive CO2?

  19. Factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis: • Limiting factors

  20. Light Dependent Reactions • Located in the thylakoid membrane • Pigment molecules are struck by light and give off an electron • Electron transport produces ATP • e- is replaced by splitting water (releases O2)

  21. Light Independent Reactions • Also called the Calvin Cycle • Occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast • 6 molecules of CO2 are converted into glucose

  22. How Autotrophs Use Intermediates and Products of Photosynthesis • What do they do with the sugar?? • Glucose is used as cellular fuel and as building blocks in synthesis of carbohydrates • Sucrose is transported from leaves to all parts of the plant • Starch is the main storage form of carbohydrate in plants • Cellulose is used to make plant cell walls

  23. A review of photosynthesis

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