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Objectives

Objectives. To describe the formation of ions from their parent atoms To learn to name ions To predict which ion a given element forms by using the periodic table To describe how ions combine to form neutral compounds. +/- e -. A. Ions.

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Objectives

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  1. Objectives • To describe the formation of ions from their parent atoms • To learn to name ions • To predict which ion a given element forms by using the periodic table • To describe how ions combine to form neutral compounds +/- e-

  2. A. Ions • In a chemical reaction atoms can form ions by gaining or losing electrons. • Metals tend to lose one or more electrons to form positive ions called cations. • Cations are generally named by using the name of the parent atom.

  3. A. Ions • Nonmetals tend to gain one or more electrons to form negative ions called anions. • Anions are named by using the root of the atom name followed by the suffix –ide.

  4. A. Ions Ion Charges and the Periodic Table • The ion that a particular atom will form can be predicted from the periodic table. • Elements in Group 1 and 2 form 1+ and 2+ ions, respectively • Group 7 atoms form anions with 1- charges • Group 6 atoms form anions with 2- charges Elements close to the sides of the Periodic Table gain or lose electrons to reach a “noble gas configuration”

  5. A. Ions Ion Charges and the Periodic Table

  6. Ions • What ions would be formed from the elements with the following atomic numbers? Also what noble gas has the same number of electrons as these ions? • 53 • 38 • 7 • 55 • 88 • 9 • 13

  7. B. Compounds That Contain Ions • Ions combine to form ionic compounds. • Properties of ionic compounds • High melting points • Conduct electricity • If melted • If dissolved in water

  8. B. Compounds That Contain Ions • Ionic compounds are electrically neutral. The pluses are balanced by the minuses • The charges on all the anions and cations in the compound must sum to zero / be in balance. Remember This

  9. B. Compounds That Contain Ions Formulas for Ionic compounds • Write the cation element symbol followed by the anion element symbol. • The number of cations and anions must be correct for their charges to sum to zero.

  10. Ionic Compounds • What compound would be formed by the following ions? • Na+ and Cl- K+ and F- • Fe3+ and P3- Na+ and S2- • Mg2+ and Cl- Mg2+ and O2- • Fe3+ and Cl- Na+ and P3- • Fe3+ and S2- Mg2+ and N3- • What would be the symbol of an ion of the isotope Nitrogen 15?

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