Effective Design of Client/Server Information Systems: A Comprehensive Guide

1. Chapter 1: Introduction to Client/Server IS • LAN • LAN Hardware Components • LAN Software Components • LAN Connectivity • Client/Server IS (C/S IS) • Effective Analysis, Design and Implement of C/S IS • C/S Connectivity and Compatibility • C/S Analysis - business oriented • Paradigm Shift • Logical Architecture of C/S • Physical Architecture of C/S

2. Local Area Network • Limited to a geographical area • owned, administrated and used by a single organization (not subject to FCC regulations) • support moderate data transfer rates with lower error rates • supports full connectivity among WS

3. LAN Hardware Components • Network Interface Card • Server - types • Workstation • Hub, MAU, Concentrator, Switch • Connector • Cable • UPS

4. LAN Software Components • Network Operating System • Backup Software • Workstation System Software • Network Application Programs

5. LAN Connectivity

6. Client/Server Information Systems • Client/Server Information System • Distributed IS • Organization’s Success • right information • right end user • right format • right place and time • right price

7. Benefits of C/S IS • Resource Sharing • Communication • GroupWare • Management Control • Reduced Costs - downsizing • Support business environmental changes • Improved Information Accessbility • Faster/Better Information • Open Architecture - Compatibility Issues • Empowered Users

8. Problems of C/S IS • Transition Costs • High cost of training, support • Multivendor architecture • Lack of management tools for distributed environment • Lack of standards • Technology not ready for missing critical application • Lack of software conversion tools

9. Effective Analysis, Design, & Implmentation of C/S(1): Top-Down Approach

10. Top-Down Approach: • Business • identifying business-level objectives • strategic business planning • BPR • Application • identifying information need • relating information needs to business process & opportunities

11. Top-Down Approach: Effective Analysis, Design, & Implmentation of C/S(2) • Data • identifying data collection and distribution • data modeling • Network • network analysis & design • physical location data • data characteristics & compatabilities • data transfer • Technology • technology analysis

12. Business Application Data Network Technology Business Requirements/Functions Application Design Database Design Network Model Logical Network Design Technology Model Physical Network Design Top-Down Approach

13. Client/Server Connectivity and Compatibilities Issues • The OSI Model • Application • Presentation • Session • Transport • Network • Data Link • Physical

14. Business-Oriented Client/Server Analysis • User Issues • # of users, their activities, security, support • Local Communication • required speed, distance to cover • Resource Sharing • # of printer, modems, etc • File Sharing • # of concurrent users

15. Business-Oriented Client/Server Analysis • Distributed Data Access • database partition & allocation • Client/Server IS Management/Administration • personnel training • Extended Communication • internetworking

16. Paradigm Shift

18. People Architecture • Dawn of empowered user • Cross-functional, user department-based application development • MIS personnel in consultative roles • Changing role for centralized MIS department

19. Logical Architecture of C/S IS • PAD Architecture • Presentation (User Interface) • Application (Processing) • Data (Data Manipulation)

20. Figure 1-11 Presentation-Application-Data Logical Model

21. Figure 1-12 Potential Categories of Elements of Client/Server Information Systems

22. Characteristics of C/S IS • Client-based Presentation

23. Figure 1-13 Presentation + Processing + Data Management = Logical Client/Server Architecture

24. Characteristics of C/S IS • Transparency

26. Characteristics of C/S IS • Scalability

28. Characteristics of C/S IS • Interprocess Communication

29. Figure 1-16 Distributed Processing Requires Interprocess Communications

30. Characteristics of C/S IS • Database Distribution

31. Figure 1-17 Key Components of Database Distribution

32. Characteristics of C/S IS • Distributed Transaction Processing

33. Figure 1-19 Local versus Distributed Transaction Process Monitoring

34. Figure 1-20 The Top-Down Model and Logical Client/Server Architecture

35. Physical/Technology Architecture • Client/Server Architecture vs. Mainframe/Terminal Architecture

36. Figure 1-21b Client/Server versus Mainframe-Terminal Architectures

37. Figure 1-21a Client/Server versus Mainframe-Terminal Architectures

38. Figure 1-23 Example of an Enterprise Network Physical Topology

39. Two Tierd vs. Three-Tiered CS Architecture • Two-tierd • Three-tierd

40. Figure 1-24 Two-Tiered versus Three-Tiered Client/Server Architecture