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Research Question:

EIASM 28 th Workshop on Strategic HRM 2013 15-16 April 2013 The Impact of Social Networking Technologies on Human Resources Practices in Luxembourg by Dr Ursula Schinzel 00352.621.322.543 ursula_schinzel@yahoo.com www.ursula-schinzel.com. Research Question:.

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Research Question:

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  1. EIASM 28th Workshop on Strategic HRM 201315-16 April 2013The Impact of Social Networking Technologies on Human Resources Practices in LuxembourgbyDr Ursula Schinzel 00352.621.322.543ursula_schinzel@yahoo.comwww.ursula-schinzel.com

  2. Research Question: Why have HR specialists in Luxembourg been reluctant to utilise new social networking technologies, considering its special cultural pattern following Geert Hofstede?

  3. My Research Methodology • Review of the Literature • Participant Observation (Primary Data) • Interviews (Primary Data) • Questionnaires (Primary Data)

  4. Literature Review: HR • Bada • Bratton • Collins & Clark • Elms, Brammer, Harris & Phillips • English, Manton & Walker • Kraut & Korman • Kuvaas & Dysvik • Mahoney & Deckop • Marchington • Martin & Reddington • Robertson • Ryan, Wiechmann & Hemingway • Scullion, Collings & Gunnigle • Slagter • Sparrow • Tixier

  5. Literature Review: Social Networking • Auletta • Barnes • Beners-Lee • Boese • Carr • Cross & Thomas • De Schweinetz • Dodds, Muhamed & Watts • Fernandes, Castilla & Moore • Gilley & Maycunich • Godin • Granovetter • Guler & Guillen • Hasgall & Shoham • Jones • Jarvis • Kirkpatrick • Li & Bernoff • McLean • Milgram • Rauch • Recruitment Matters • Rees • Sammartino • Shirky • Stengel • Tapscott • Zittrain

  6. Literature Review: Hofstede • The era after Hofstede: • Triandis, Harry • Smith, Peter, B. • Schwartz, Shalom • Trompenaars, Fons & Hamden-Turner, Charles • De Mooij, Marieke • Inglehart, Ronald • The GLOBE, House, Robert; Hanges, Paul… • Schein, Edgar • Bond, Michael, Harris • Mintzberg, Henry • Minkov, Michael • Hofstede, Gert Jan • McSweeney • The era before Hofstede: • Maslow, Abraham • McClelland, David • Herzberg, Frederick • Rockeach, Milton • Hall, Edward • Kluckhohn, Florence and Strodtbeck, Fred • The era besides Hofstede: • Scholz, Christian; Böhm, Hans • Lewis, Richard D. • The era beyond Hofstede: • Aaker, Jennifer • Briley, Donnel • Nakata, Cheryl • Kirkman, Hong, Benet-Martínez, Leung, Hermans, Kempen….

  7. GeertHofstede (1928- ) What did he do? • Born in the Netherlands in 1928 • IBM HRM research in the 1960s • 116,000 questionnaires • Identified 4 cultural dimensions, later added more: • IDV/COLL, UAI, PDI, MAS/FEM, • LTO, IVR, MON. • Dared to contradict Maslow, Herzberg, McClelland • Brought cultural research from the US to Europe • Emeritus Professor at Maastricht University • http://www.geerthofstede.nl/ Start at 2:36

  8. Luxembourg Queen Mary II and Marie-Astrid

  9. Luxembourg • Unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy • Grand Duke: Henri • Prime Minister: Jean-Claude Juncker • Official languages: Luxembourgish, French, German • Capital Luxembourg (90,000 inhabitants) • Size: 2,586 km2 • Population total: 511,800 • Motto: “Mir wëllebleiwewatmirsinn” “We want to remain what we are” • Anthem: “OnsHeemecht” – “Our Homeland” • Population total: 511,800 • 290,500 (56.76%) are Luxembourgers, 221,300 (43.24%) foreigners • During the day-time 138,700 cross-border workers come to Lx to work: 74,100 French, 37,800 Belgian and 37,500 German. • 357,800 people are working in Lx, out of them 219,100 residents (138,700 cross-borderers = 39%).

  10. History of HRM Twenty years ago: HR Administration: Salary, vacation, absence, work hours, headcount, accounting Then: Motivation, recruiting and staffing, training, evaluation, recognition Recently: Communication, international HR, recruiting in Globalised HR world, networking, e-HRM

  11. Social Networking Technologies Internet LinkedIn Twitter Xing Google Viadeo Clay Shirkey: Facebook Blog Gin TV Social Surplus http://www.ted.com/talks/clay_shirky_how_cognitive_surplus_will_change_the_world.html Start at 3:18

  12. Hypothesis 1: Native Luxembourgers scores on PDI, UAI, IDV, MAS, LTO, IVR, MON cultural dimensions are significantly different from the scores of non-Luxembourgers in Luxembourg Hypothesis 2: There are significant differences between Hofstede et al.’s PDI, UAI, IDV, MAS, LTO, IVR, MON cultural dimensions estimates for Luxembourg and the empirical values found in this study for Luxembourgers with Luxembourgish Nationality Hypothesis 3: HR specialists in Luxembourg are reluctant to utilise new social networking technologies due to their specific cultural identity. HR practices remain therefore largely unchanged.

  13. Hofstede's Dimensions of Culture - Explained Easily : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gJzRS0I7tA&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2YG6Wb3j0s&feature=youtube_gdata_player Hofstede’s Dimensions of Culture Individualism versus Collectivism (IDV) Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) PowerDistance Index (PDI) Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS) Long-Term versus Short-Term Orientation(LTO) Indulgence versus Restraint (IVR) Monumentalism (MON)

  14. Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension: Interviews’ and Questionnaires’ Results in Collaboration with Lindab Buildings Diekirch Table 1 Comparison Luxembourg – Luxembourg with Luxembourgish nationality (Lux. Nat.) – Hofstede’s estimates on Luxembourg (On a scale from 1-100, 1 being the lowest and 100 the highest score)

  15. Cultural dimensions in Luxembourg - Lux. Nat. – France – Germany – UK – Belgium FR – Belgium NL – Italy – the Netherlands NL – China – USA – Japan (on a scale from 0-100) (0=lowest, 100=highest)

  16. Language as Identifier Assure national identity Discriminating factor for identification World War 1 and 2 Importance Access to advantages Nationality

  17. What means is your company using in recruiting?

  18. Which digital social networks does your company use?

  19. During the recruitment process, how does your company gather information about a candidate?

  20. After the recruitment process, how does your company gather information about a candidate?

  21. Which internet pages are accessible in your company (is Facebook accessible?)

  22. How is Networking mainly done in Luxembourg?

  23. N=134; * p<.05; ** p<.001 Correlation among all variables in SPSS

  24. What does this correlation matrix mean in recruiting? Luxembourgers • use their language as identifier • are highly uncertainty avoidant • are reluctant to utilising new social networking technologies (or anything new) • are long-term oriented • have low power distance • are highly collectivist • and are happy Hypothesis 1, 2, 3 are confirmed

  25. Thank you for your attention Dr Ursula Schinzel 00352.621.322.543ursula_schinzel@yahoo.com

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